美国白蛾及其他5种灯蛾鳞片超微结构的比较  

A Comparison among the Ultrastructures and Characteristics of Wing Scales of the Fall Webworm and Other 5 Tiger Moth Species (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

作　　者：曾今尧[1] 刘丙万[1] 郑咏梅[2] 江雷[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《林业科学》2010年第6期97-101,I0002,I0003,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：黑龙江省博士后启动基金(520-415025)资助

摘　　要：在扫描电镜下研究美国白蛾和异粉蝶灯蛾、人纹污灯蛾、黄臀黑污灯蛾、净雪灯蛾和黑须污灯蛾等5种常见灯蛾鳞片的超微结构。研究发现:美国白蛾及其他5种常见灯蛾的鳞片排列都是一层窄而长的鳞片覆盖一层短而宽的鳞片,且都属于镂空型鳞片,即鳞片类型属于二型双层鳞片。人纹污灯蛾的覆鳞和基鳞均最长(376.9μm±8.92μm;265.34μm±2.87μm)最宽(75.87μm±2.12μm;67.09μm±3.86μm);净雪灯蛾的覆鳞最短(179.4μm±2.91μm);异粉蝶灯蛾的基鳞最短(99.32μm±1.31μm);美国白蛾的覆鳞和基鳞均最窄(18.79μm±0.23μm;31.14μm±0.66μm)。美国白蛾覆鳞的脊间距最大(2.37μm±0.03μm);黄臀黑污灯蛾覆鳞和基鳞的脊间距均最小(1.1μm±0.02μm;1.77μm±0.01μm);黑须污灯蛾基鳞的脊间距最大(2.88μm±0.02μm)。单因素方差分析表明6种灯蛾覆鳞和基鳞的形态及脊间距都存在显著差异。蛾类鳞片的形态特征不宜单独用于种的鉴定,但在蝙蝠食性分析中具有一定指导意义,也能为利用蝙蝠防治美国白蛾的研究提供可靠而有力的依据。The ultrastructures and characteristics of forewing scales in the fall webworm Hyphantria cunea,Nyctemera adversata,Spilarctia subcarnea,Epatolmis caesarea,Spilosoma album and Spilarctia casigneta was observed by using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The lengths and widths of scales and the distances between ridges on scales were compared. The results showed that the cover scales and ground scales of these 6 species moths all belonged to the hollow scale and the type of scale covering belonged to type-2 bilayer scale covering. Spilarctia subcarnea had the largest cover scales and ground scales,Spilosoma album had the shortest cover scales and Nyctemera adversata had the shortest ground scales;Hyphantria cunea had the narrowest cover and ground scales. Cover scales of Hyphantria cunea had the largest distance between ridges; the smallest distance between ridges both on cover and ground scales was in Epatolmis caesarea; the smallest between ridges in the ground scales is in Spilarctia casigneta. There were significant differences in the scales’ characteristics and distance between ridges among 6 moth species according to one - way ANOVA. The comparison among the ultrastructure and characteristics of wing scales in the fall webworm and other 5 moth species provided a reliable basis for the research on relationship between moths and bats,also for prevention and control of the fall webworm,although they could not be used alone for species identification.

关 键 词：灯蛾 美国白蛾 鳞片 超微结构 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S718.7[农业科学—林学]