转型经济中的企业环境战略动机:中国实证研究  

Corporate Incentives for Environmental Management in a Transitional Economy:Empirical Study in China

作　　者：叶强生[1] 武亚军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学光华管理学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2010年第3期53-59,共7页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(70672009)资助

摘　　要：近年来,企业环境管理已成为全球战略学者和管理学者广泛研究的主题。本文以中国转型经济为背景,运用制度理论、激励理论、资源基础观和利益相关者理论等,分析了中国转型期不同类型的企业,特别是私有企业和国有企业在制定环境管理战略决策时的动机,并通过数据实证分析了相关假设,结果表明,遵守监管是目前中国企业的主要环境管理动机;私营企业相对国企较重视经济效益优化,国企则明显以遵从监管法规为主要出发点。因此,中国转型经济中,推进环境管理首先需要进一步完善环境政策和环境管理法规,同时,对不同所有制的企业采取分类管理的政策。最后,论文对进一步研究进行了展望。Recently,due to the increasing awareness of the environmental protection around the world,corporations’environmental management has become a widely studied topic for strategic management scholars around the world.Environmental management, sometimes called green management,is the practice of incorporating measures in a corporations’strategy to ensure minimal damage is done to the environmental of the world.In this paper,we first discuss different types of motivations of corporations to conduct environmental management,which includes regulatory and compliance driven,economic profit driven,and institutional environment driven motivations.Then,using the backdrop of a transitional economy, China,we analyze how the motivations for environment management is different between state owned corporations and private corporations.Last but not least,we discuss how size of corporations affects the degree of environmental management.Our discussion includes generic drivers that is prevalent in the rest of the world for environmental management,as well as transitional economy specific drivers.We use theories such as institutional theory,incentives theory,resource-based view and stakeholder management theory to formulate our hypotheses on factors that affects environmental management in China.We conduct a survey with 119 effective samples to test our hypotheses,and find out that regulatory conformity is still the main driver behind the environmental management of corporations in China,but private enterprises are relatively more driven by economic performance optimizations,and that larger corporations tend to have higher degree of environmental management than others.We conclude the article by discussing the public policy implications on the environmental management side and recommended that governments need to incentivize different types of corporations differently in order to best encourage environmentally friendly conducts for corporations in China.We believe that it one of the first studies of its kind to look at corporation

关 键 词：转型经济 环境管理 战略动机 可持续性 制度理论 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F272[经济管理—企业管理]