不同水分管理方式下3种中微量元素肥料对水稻生长和吸收镉的影响  

Effects of Water Management Methods and Three Secondary and Microelements on Rice Growth and Cadmium Uptake

作　　者：胡坤[1,2] 喻华[1] 冯文强[1] 秦鱼生[1] 蓝兰[1,2] 廖鸣兰[1] 王昌全[2] 涂仕华[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,四川成都610066 [2]四川农业大学资源环境学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2010年第3期772-776,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省应用基础基金项目(2008NG0002);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD02A05)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验,研究了镉污染土壤上不同水分管理方式下3种中微量元素肥料对水稻生长和镉吸收的影响。研究表明,在3种水分管理方式中,晒田水稻产量最高,其次为淹水,最低为湿润灌溉。淹水处理比湿润灌溉显著降低了水稻籽粒中的Cd浓度,其中以Zn处理降幅最大;淹水处理还明显抑制了Cd从秸秆向籽粒的转移。与之相反,湿润灌溉处理促进了Cd从秸秆向籽粒的转移。因此,在Cd污染土壤上,水稻栽培应尽量采用全生育期淹水的水分管理方式,污染程度较轻的稻田亦可考虑在灌浆期进行晒田,但不宜水稻旱作。采用Cd抗性品种,结合优化的肥、水管理措施,可以使稻米中Cd含量低于国家无公害大米的限量指标。Effects of water management methods and three secondary and microelements on rice growth and cadmium（Cd） uptake were investigated in a pot experiment.The results showed that among the three water management methods,water drained out at maximal tillering stage（drain-out） produced the highest rice yield,and followed by flooding through the rice growing season（flooding） and non-flooding at all（non-flooding）.The flooding management significantly reduced Cd concentration and total content in grain,especially in the Zn treatment,compared with the non-flooding management,and effectively inhibited transferring of Cd from rice straw to grain.On contrary,the non-flooding management promoted Cd transferring.Thus,it was suggested that the flooding management should be used all time when possible for rice grown on a Cd polluted soil,the drain-out management could be adopted on soils with slight Cd pollution,and the non-flooding management should be avoided as possible.Use of Cd-resistant rice cultivars in combination with optimized nutrient and water management practices could produce rice grain containing Cd below the permit levels set by the state.

关 键 词：水分管理 镉 水稻 中量元素 微量元素 污染 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]