昆虫对极端高低温胁迫的响应研究  

Response of insects to extreme high and low temperature stresses

作　　者：王艳敏[1,2] 仵均祥[1] 万方浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植保学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2010年第2期250-255,共6页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)(2009CB119200)

摘　　要：温度是影响昆虫地理分布和扩散的重要因素之一,温度胁迫耐受性研究是昆虫生态学研究的热点之一。温度胁迫是指生物对正常生存温度之外的温度反应,包括低温胁迫和高温胁迫,它是预测害虫发生分布区、建立物候学模型、以及引入天敌的重要依据,根据昆虫温度胁迫耐受性的分化模式可预测种群的起源、分布和动态规律。本文概述了温度胁迫下昆虫的生态可塑性反应,分析了高低温交叉胁迫对昆虫抗性的影响,探讨了温度胁迫对昆虫适应性影响的内在机制,并结合国内外研究现状分析了高低温胁迫对烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci的影响,认为应从生理生化和分子生物学水平研究低温胁迫对昆虫耐受性的影响。Temperature is an important factor in the distribution and expansion of insects, and temperature stress is one of the key issues in insect ecology field. Temperature stress, including low and high temperature stresses, refers to the responses of organisms to the temperature beyond the normal survival temperature. Temperature stress is an important basis in forecasting pest occurrence and distribution areas, the establishment of phenology models, as well as the introduction of natural enemies. In addition, it can be applied to predict the origin, distribution and population dynamic patterns on the basis of differentiation model of tolerance to temperature stress. In this paper, the ecological plasticity response of insects under temperature stress was reviewed, high and temperature cross-stress on insect was analyzed, and the internal mechanism of temperature stress on the adaptation of insect was discussed. Additionally, the status of high and low temperature stress on Bemisia tabaci was analyzed, and it was thought that it should be studied to reveal insect resistance to low temperature stress on physiological and biochemical level, and molecular level.

关 键 词：温度胁迫 驯化 锻炼 热激蛋白 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]