两种蛤仔群体遗传多样性的形态参数及AFLP分析  

COMPARISON OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE POPULATIONS OF RUDITAPES PHILIPPINARUM AND R. VARIEGATE

作　　者：刘相全[1] 包振民[2] 胡景杰[2] 何金霞[1] 方建光[3] 王如才[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋水产研究所,烟台264006 [2]中国海洋大学,青岛266003 [3]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2010年第3期359-364,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目;2002AA603015号

摘　　要：采用多变量形态度量学方法,对大连(DL)、青岛(QD)、厦门(XM)、珠海(ZH)4个菲律宾蛤仔群体和湛江(RV)1个杂色蛤仔群体的形态变异进行了比较研究,建立了群体形态聚类图和形态判别函数,结果较客观地显示了4个菲律宾蛤仔群体之间以及与杂色蛤仔群体之间的差异。利用4对引物组合对菲律宾蛤仔青岛群体与杂色蛤仔湛江群体共48个个体进行了AFLP分析,共得到216个位点,其中特有位点29个,可作为2个物种鉴别的分子标记。两种蛤仔都显示了较高的群体遗传多样性,菲律宾蛤仔群体内遗传相似度为0.6051,杂色蛤仔为0.6882,群体间的平均遗传相似度只有0.2968。群体内香农多样性指数菲律宾蛤仔为0.2526,略高于杂色蛤仔的0.2154。对所有个体聚类分析,同种个体可以很好地聚在一起,没有出现种间的交叉,表明两种蛤仔具有明显的遗传差异。Morphological variance of four natural populations of Ruditapes philippinarum,i.e.Dalian （DL）,Qingdao （QD）,Xiamen （XM） and Zhuhai （ZH） and a natural population of R.variegate,i.e.Zhanjiang （RV） were analyzed using multi-variant morphological parameters.Clustering dendrogram and discriminant functions were constructed,showing objectively the differences among the five populations.Four AFLP primer combinations were applied to analyze genetic diversities and relationships between populations of QD and RV for the two species.Twenty-nine population-specific bands were found in 216 detected bands,which may be used to distinguish the two clams.It revealed high levels of genetic diversity in two clam species.The average similarity were 0.6051 in R.philippinarum and 0.6882 in R.variegate,and only 0.2968 between two populations.The Shannon’s information index was 0.2526 for R.philippinarum,a little higher than 0.2154 for R.variegate.Cluster analysis with Nei’s pairwise distance grouped specimens in geographical origin with no exception,showing distinct difference between the two populations of two clam species.

关 键 词：菲律宾蛤仔 杂色蛤仔 形态变异 遗传多样性 AFLP 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]