罐体车辆道路运输危险品事故特征分析  

Analysis of the road accidents with the tank-vehicle transportation of hazardous materials

作　　者：刘凯峥[1] 刘浩学[1] 晏远春[1,2] 徐磊[3] 蒋世应[4] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710061 [2]江苏省交通厅运输管理局,南京210001 [3]长安大学经济管理学院,西安710061 [4]宜宾职业技术学院,四川宜宾644003

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2010年第3期130-133,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：交通部重点软科学项目(2006-312-812-160)

摘　　要：为系统掌握罐车道路运输危险品事故特征,调查整理了615起危险品罐车道路运输事故。采用统计与对比分析方法,获得危险品罐车道路运输事故发生原因及比例、事故发生的时间及形态分布,并确定了不同事故罐体以及不同道路等级事故的泄漏概率。分析表明,在发生的事故中,人的因素占67%,翻车事故为最主要事故类型,两车追尾事故和低等级公路事故泄漏概率最高,分别为84.52%和82.7%。This paper is inclined to present its author＇s characteristic analysis and statistical records on the roadway transportation accidents caused by the transportation of hazardous materials or goods. To make our research more valuable, we have made a comprehensive analysis over 615 transportation accidents. Among them, about 80% involves the hazardous goods transportation by using tank vehicles. Such accidents often lead to heavy casualty and serious road contamination for the nature of the chemical properties of the goods under transpiration. And, of all 615 accidents, 67% of them are caused by human factors. Single turnover accidents are the most familiar type, accounting for 31.87 %, 43 % of which take place on the expressway. Moreover, the largest part of such accidents took place in July, the season with the highest temperature in summer. Another feature is that 3 ： 00 - 6：00 and 9：00 - 12：00 are the most likely moments for such traf- fic accidents, which is greatly different from the time distribution of the traffic accidents of common nature. Furthermore, the accidenttype distribution study shows that, next to the single turnover accidents, a much higher percentage of the accidents has been resulted from the roadway collision-of-ridding turnover, of which rear-ends collision, side-impact collision, and poor-quality roadway accidents prove to be the most typical accidents. Besides, leakage probability is also higher in the collision accidents than the turnover accidents, especially, the rear-ends collision. Whereas leakage probability occupies 84.52% of the accidents, the single turnover accidents take the minimum percentage of 63 %. Thus, our statistics helps to reveal that tank-vehicle accidents on lower-grade and non-grade roadways tend to bring about the highest leakage probability, that is, 82.7% whereas the tank vehicle accidents on the urban road just brought about the lowest leakage probability（65.4% ）.

关 键 词：交通运输安全工程 危险品运输 罐车 事故特征 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]