中国北方农牧交错带生态脆弱性评价——以鄂尔多斯市为例  被引量:54

Ecological Vulnerability Assessment of the Farming-Pastoral Transitional Zone in Northern China:A case study of Ordos City

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作  者:蒙吉军[1] 张彦儒[2] 周平[1] 

机构地区:[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [2]三江学院旅游学院,江苏南京210012

出  处:《中国沙漠》2010年第4期850-856,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基  金:国家自然科学基金项目(40871048);国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD20B07)联合资助

摘  要:农牧交错带在我国区域生态安全建设中具有重要的生态地位。选择鄂尔多斯市作为研究区域,基于1988年和2000年自然和社会经济数据,通过对景观动态变化及生态脆弱性驱动因素的分析,确定脆弱性评价的指标体系,建立脆弱性评价模型,在GIS和SPSS软件支持下,运用空间主成分分析进行生态脆弱性评价。结果显示,鄂尔多斯大部分地区处于高度脆弱区和中度脆弱区,抵御外界干扰能力较差。生态脆弱性指数的空间分布有从东北、西部向中部逐渐增加的态势,生态脆弱性指数高的地区主要分布在人类活动比较频繁的城市区域、生态本底较为脆弱的库布齐沙漠和毛乌素沙地的西部地区。2000年与1988年相比,高度脆弱区分布范围有明显扩大、且连片趋势。其中,东胜区生态质量有所好转,准格尔旗没有较大变化,其他各旗都呈现恶化趋势,尤其以伊金霍洛旗为最。Farming-pastoral transitional zone plays an important role in ecology security construction in China. This paper established an ecological vulnerability assessment index system and an ecological vulnerability assessment model based on analysis of the landscape change and the driving factors of the ecological vulnerability. With these the paper conducted an ecological vulnerability assessment of Ordos City using the natural and socio-economic data in 1988 and 2000, and applying the GIS technique and SPSS software. The results showed that most of the Ordos area could be ranged in the highly vulnerable and the moderately vulnerable areas, showing poor resistance ability against external interference. The regions with highly ecological vulnerability were mainly situated in the urban areas where had frequent human activity, and Kubuqi Desert and the western region of Mu Us Desert where had poor ecological background. There was a deteriorating trend from northeast and west to the middle regions in Ordos. From 1988 to 2000, the area with highly ecological vulnerability had obviously increased in Ordos, some jointed together. Except for some improvement of ecological environment in Dongsheng District and no obvious change in Jungar Banner, a general deterioration of ecological environment appeared in the other banners of Ordos, especially, the ecological environment in Ejin Horo Banner degraded greatly.

关 键 词:农牧交错带 生态脆弱性评价 地理信息系统 鄂尔多斯 

分 类 号:X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]

 

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