利用VSP提高地面地震资料的分辨率  

Improving the Resolution of Poststack Surface Seismic Data by VSP

作　　者：严红勇[1] 刘洋[1] 于茜 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300452

出　　处：《石油天然气学报》2010年第3期65-68,共4页Journal of Oil and Gas Technology

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2007AA06Z218);国家科技重大专项(2008ZX05024-001)

摘　　要：反Q滤波是地面地震处理中提高成像分辨率的重要方法。影响地震资料分辨率的一个主要原因是地层对地震波的吸收,有效地计算地层品质因子Q值、消除地层吸收对地震信号传播的影响,是提高地震资料分辨率的关键。针对从地面地震资料中难以提取准确Q值的问题,从VSP下行波资料中提取Q值,然后运用一种改进的稳定有效反Q滤波方法对地面叠后资料进行处理。结果表明,此方法有效地补偿了地震资料的中、高频成分,拓宽了地震信号的频带宽度,明显提高了叠后处理剖面的分辨率,更大幅度地改善了地面地震资料的质量。Inverse Q-filtering was one of the most important methods to improve resolution of seismic data.The important reason affecting seismic data resolution was the absorption of seismic waves in formation.Therefore the key to improve resolution was to compute the value of Q effectually and remove the influence of absorption in formation on signal transmission.In allusion to the problem of Q value hard to be obtained precisely from surface seismic data,Q value was extracted from the data of downgoing wave of VSP,and then a modified and steady inverse Q-filtering algorithm was used to process the poststack seismic data.The result indicates that the method effectively compensates the medium and high frequency seismic data widens the frequency bandwidth,improves resolution of poststack seismic data and the quality of surface seismic data.

关 键 词：地震资料 分辨率 VSP Q值 反Q滤波 

分 类 号：P631.44[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]