第一人称主语祈使句研究  

On the First-Person-subject Imperative Sentences

作　　者：张媛媛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心,湖北武汉430079 [2]武汉工程大学外语学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2010年第7期163-166,共4页

摘　　要：祈使句的第一人称主语形式是"我(们)、咱(们)",指代对象可以是发话人和受话人,也可以只是受话人或者发话人,还可以是泛指。实现的语用功能是"请求"、"商量"、"建议"、"柔劝"和"号召"。"让我(们)+VP"句式可以用来强化"请求"和"号召"。"柔劝"句中多用"不"作为否定词。祈使句的语用功能和主语选择是相互影响和相互制约的。The first - person subjects of imperative sentences are wo, wo men, zan, and zan men, which refer to the speaker （S） and the hearer （ H）, or only refer to H or S,and they can also be used to signify anyone. The pragmatic functions that these imperative sentences have achieved are ＂to request＂, ＂to discuss＂ and ＂to suggest＂, ＂to advise softly＂ and ＂to call＂. The structure of ＂Let us （me） ＋ VP＂ can be used to realize the function of ＂to request＂ while ＂Let＇s ＋ VP＂ strengthens the function to call for. Bu is frequently used as negative words in the sentences of＂ to advise softly＂. Pragmatic functions and subject choice in imperative sentences are in the relationship of mutual influence and mutual restriction.

关 键 词：第一人称主语祈使句 指代对象 语用功能 主语选择 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]