不同三聚氰胺添加量对高精混合饲料体外瘤胃发酵理化指标的影响  

Effects of different dose levels of melamine on physiochemical indexes of the in-vitro rumen fermentation with high-concentrate diets as substrate

作　　者：庄宏[1] 杨红建[1] 曹兵海[1] 孟祥坤[1] 张丹凤[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193 [2]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2010年第1期45-49,共5页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代肉牛产业技术体系建设专项资金;农业部公益性农业(肉牛)行业专项(nyhyzx07-035)

摘　　要：采用短期人工瘤胃发酵结合持续动态累积产气量记录技术,分析评价了不同三聚氰胺添加剂量对瘤胃微生物体外发酵的影响。采集西门塔尔×鲁西黄牛杂交肉牛瘤胃液,以高精饲料为底物,发酵72 h后测定对照组(0mg/kg)及试验组(2、6、18、54、162和486 mg/kg)的发酵液理化指标和发酵气体组合等。结果表明,添加2和6mg/kg三聚氰胺便可显著降低NH3-N、氨基酸态氮的产量(P<0.05),同时会显著降低挥发性脂肪酸产量(P<0.05),但对各脂肪酸组分含量影响不大,三聚氰胺可不同程度降低发酵总产气量,同时显著提高甲烷产生比例(P<0.05)。以上结果表明添加三聚氰胺,对NH3-N及氨基酸态氮的产生没有影响,结合挥发性脂肪酸指标可以看出其对微生物的代谢活动具有抑制作用,此外,它还促进了温室气体甲烷的产生,不仅浪费了饲料能量且不利于环境保护,因此,三聚氰胺不适宜作为反刍动物的非蛋白氮饲料添加剂。This study was conducted to evaluate effects of different melamine dose levels on In-vitro rumen fermentation in a batch culture and cumulative gas production by using rumen fluids of Simmental × Luxi yellow crossbred cattle and high-concentrate feed as the substrate.The fermentation characteristics of the control group（0 mg/kg） and the test groups（2,6,18,54,162 and 486 mg/kg） were determined after the 72 h incubation.There were significant reductions（P0.05） of ammonia N and amino acid N concentrations at the dose levels of 2 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg melamine.The melamine addition at low dose level of 2 mg/kg also significantly reduced the total volatile fatty acids（VFA） production（P0.05）,but it didn＇t alter the VFA pattern in molar proportions.The melamine had a decreasing trend on the total cumulative gas production,and it significantly enhanced the greenhouse gas of CH4 production（P0.05）.These results indicated that the dose of melamine didn＇t favor the production of ammonia N and amino acid N and volatile fatty acids,suggesting an inhibitory effect of the melamine on microbial fermentation in the rumen.Additionally,the increase of CH4 in melamine addition group implicates feed energy wasting and is harmful to environmental protection.Therefore,the melamine should not be considered as an effective non-protein nitrogen source in ruminants.

关 键 词：体外瘤胃发酵 三聚氰胺 氨态氮 氨基酸态氮 挥发性脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S816.487.9[农业科学—饲料科学]