不同pH模拟酸雨对冬小麦籽粒营养品质的影响  

Effect of different pH simulated acid rains on nutrition quality of winter wheat grains

作　　者：麦博儒[1] 郑有飞[1,2] 吴荣军[1] 梁骏[1,3] 刘霞[4] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044 [2]江苏省气象灾害重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [3]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004 [4]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《生态学报》2010年第14期3883-3891,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家留学回国人员科研资金项目;江苏省"333工程"资助项目;江苏省六大人才高峰资助项目

摘　　要：在大田试验条件下研究了不同pH模拟酸雨对冬小麦籽粒氨基酸、蛋白质、可溶性糖、还原糖、淀粉以及总酸度的胁迫效应,以期为防治我国农作物的酸雨灾害提供基础理论依据。结果表明,pH≤4.5酸雨处理会抑制总游离氨基酸的合成,且酸度越强,抑制越明显。蛋白质(可溶性蛋白质、总蛋白)含量随着酸雨酸度的增强逐步下降,且在极酸性条件下降低较明显。pH≤4.5酸雨处理对可溶性糖的合成会有较强的抑制作用。pH≤2.5时还原糖的合成明显受抑。随着酸雨酸度的增强,总酸度和酸糖比均表现出先增加后下降的变化趋势,且在pH=3.5处达到最大值。pH≤3.5酸雨处理显著抑制淀粉的合成,且对支链淀粉的影响较明显,致使淀粉支/直比下降。Acid deposition is among the primary environmental problems on a global basis. With the winter wheat cultivar YM 12 under field experiment subject to a range of such pollution intensities as pH = 1.5,2.5,3.5,4.5 and 5.6 （the last being for CK） in the rains,we investigated their stress on nutrition qualities of grains consisting of amino acid,protein,soluble sugar,reduced sugar,starch as well as total acidity so as to provide theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the impact of acid rain on crops in China. Results suggest that for acid rain at pH ≤ 4.5 the synthesis is suppressed of total free amino acid and the inhibition is the stronger,the higher the acidity; the contents of protein （including soluble part and total） decrease progressively as a function of increasing acidity,with greater decline at pH = 1.5; at pH ≤ 4.5,the synthesis of soluble sugar is inhibited more strongly; at pH ≤ 2.5,the synthesis of reduced sugar is prevented more significantly; with the increase in acidity in the rain the total acidity and acid-sugar ratio show a tendency of first intensification and then decline,peaking at pH = 3.5; at pH ≤ 3.5 the composition of starch is greatly prevented,affecting amylopection more pronouncedly,thereby resulting in the decrease in the ratio of amylopection to amylase.

关 键 词：模拟酸雨 冬小麦 胁迫 营养品质 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]