上海雾天大气污染及雾水组分研究  

Study on Air Pollution and Composition of Fog in Shanghai

作　　者：李德[1] 陈明华[1] 邵德民[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [2]上海市气象科学研究所,上海200030

出　　处：《上海环境科学》1999年第3期117-120,共4页Shanghai Environmental Sciences

摘　　要：首次较系统地监测调查了上海市雾天的大气污染状况,并分析了雾水的化学组分。结果表明,上海出现雾天时,不利于大气污染物的扩散,造成雾天大气污染较严重,污染物浓度高值出现的时间与雾的形成至消散基本同步,比起雾前高2～10倍。雾水pH值在4.45～7.75范围,平均6.02,但离子浓度高,水溶物平均达0.9g/L,比同期雨水高24～124倍。雾水化学组分与同期大气环境质量密切相关,雾水中SO_4^(2-)、NO_3^-、Ca^(2+)浓度与大气中SO_2、NO_x、TSP浓度呈正相关。市区雾水离子浓度比郊区高0.22～2.6倍。Systematic monitoring of fog atmospheric pollution in Shanghai area and analyzing chemical composition of fog water have been conducted. The result showed that air pollution diffused badly in fog days in Shanghai and caused serious air pollution. The time of high concentration of air pollution was synchronization with fog formation and disappearance, the pollution concentration was 2 - 10 fold higher than before fog appearance. pH value of fog water was between 4.45 to 7.75, average value was 6.02, but ion concentration was higher, water soluble substance was 0.9g/L and 24 - 124 fold higher in rain water at the same time. The ion concentration of fog water in city was 0.22 - 2.6 fold higher than in suburban. Chemical composition in fog water was in relation to atmospheric environmental quality at the same time. The concentration of SO42-, NO3- and Ca2+ were in relation with concentrations of SO2, NOx and TSP in air.

关 键 词：大气污染 雾天 雾水 化学组化 上海 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X511.02