小胡杨花粉母细胞减数分裂染色体行为研究  

Chromosome Behavior of Meiosis in Pollen Mother Cell of Populus simonii×P. euphratica

作　　者：唐湫钥[1,2] 王君[1,2] 刘明虎[3] 赵英铭[3] 高鹏[4] 康向阳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]林木育种国家工程实验室,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点开放实验室,北京100083 [3]中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业试验中心,内蒙古磴口015200 [4]天津市林业果树研究所,天津300020

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2010年第7期1351-1358,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30671708);天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(08ZCGYNC01700)

摘　　要：采用常规压片法对小胡杨花粉母细胞减数分裂过程染色体行为及花粉特性进行了研究.结果表明:小胡杨花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中表现出极强的异质性,减数分裂各时期异常细胞出现率均超过70 %.其中,终变期存在大量单价体、后期观察到落后染色体,证明小胡杨的两个亲本亲缘关系较远.小胡杨花粉母细胞减数分裂过程高频率异常现象(后期I落后染色体71 .87 %,染色体桥8 .13 %;末期Ⅰ有77 .18 %的微核细胞;后期Ⅱ有85 .60 %的异常细胞等)的发生直接导致其大部分花粉发育异常(99 .48 %) ,表现出远缘杂种的败育特性.Meiotic behavior and pollen features of Populus simonii×P.euphratica were studied with conventional pressed slice method.It was showed that a strong heterogeneity was presented during meiosis in P.simonii×P.euphratica,the abnormal cell percentage during each phase of meiosis is more than 70%.Since a great number of univalent were found in diakinesis,and these behaved as laggards in anaphase.It indicated that the relative affinities between genomes in P.simonii×P.euphratica were wide.The high frequency of abnormal meiotic behavior in P.simonii×P.euphratica directly leaded its pollen sterile.There was no appearance of pollen release in P.simonii×P.euphratica as the anthers were hollow which showed this hybrid aborted completely.

关 键 词：小胡杨 远缘杂种 花粉母细胞 减数分裂 染色体行为 败育 

分 类 号：Q343.24[生物学—遗传学]