自控摄入小剂量酒精影响熟练驾驶行为的实验研究  

EFFECTS OF A SMALL SELF－CONTROL ALCOHOL DOSE ON SKILLED DRIVINGPERFORMANCE

作　　者：乐竟泓[1] 松永勝也 江上嘉实 太田喬 北村文昭 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理学系,200062 [2]日本国九州大学大学院 [3]日本国南福冈自动车驾驶学校

出　　处：《心理科学》1999年第2期120-123,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：一个小样本受试者内设计实验，受试者在实验允许的酒精剂量范围内自由选择摄入量。实验安排饮酒前，酒后３０分钟、１１０分钟和１７０分钟四个测试阶段，分别检验受试者在模拟驾驶和实际驾驶两项任务中的认知行为。酒后３０分钟实际驾驶的技能与其他三个测试期相比存在有意义的差别显著性；模拟测试任务中酒后对红、黄两种信号灯的认知反应时之间呈现显著性差别，酒后１１０分钟对黄色信号灯的反应明显延迟。研究提示：受试对酒精感受性的估计是不可靠的，小剂量酒精也能对驾驶行为构成伤害。This research used reaction time, estimation timeand a standard driving test to assess the performanceof driving instructions under the influence of alcohol.Ten subjects participated in the study. Theirdrivingperformance was assessed before consuming alcohol,and 30, 110 and 170 minutes after drinking (0.4 - 24ml% BAL) The driving performancewas significantly worse 30min after consuming alcohol, compared with the baseline and the 110 min and 170 min scores. The reactiontimes and estimation times were the greatest at 110minutes after drinking, and were also delayed 30 minutes and 170 minutes after drinking. This studydemonstrated that even small amounts of alcoholwould impair the performance of skilled drivers, whothemselves did not expect to be affected by so small aquantity of alcohol.

关 键 词：酒精 血液酒精水平 认知反应 驾驶技能 心理学 

分 类 号：B842.2[哲学宗教—基础心理学] U471.15[哲学宗教—心理学]