非均相催化剂两步法催化潲水油制备生物柴油  

Synthesis of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil by Two-Step Heterogeneous Catalysis

作　　者：陶站华[1] 张搏[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西科学院国家非粮生物质能源工程技术研究中心,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《化学与生物工程》2010年第7期69-72,共4页Chemistry & Bioengineering

基　　金：广西自然科学基金资助项目(0991078);广西科学院创新基金资助项目(桂科院研0701;08YJ16WL02)

摘　　要：对取自餐饮的潲水油进行一系列预处理,脱去其中的胶类、色素、水分等杂质,然后用自制的固体酸、固体碱催化剂经"两步法"工艺将其转化为生物柴油。结果发现,在预酯化反应中,催化剂A用量为6%、醇油摩尔比为12∶1,反应2.5 h后,潲水油的酸值由50 mg KOH.g-1降至2 mg KOH.g-1。通过正交实验得到碱催化酯交换反应最佳条件为:反应时间2 h、反应温度100℃、催化剂B用量6%、醇油摩尔比9∶1,在此条件下转化率达96.4%。表明所制备的固体酸、固体碱催化剂能有效将潲水油转化为生物柴油。Preprocess of waste cooking oil was performed to remove glue,pigments,water and undissolved impurity from it.Biodiesel was prepared from waste cooking oil using two-step process catalyzed first by solid acid catalyst then by solid base catalyst.It was found that acid value of waste cooking oil decreased from 50 mg KOH·g^-1to 2 mg KOH·g^-1 when the pre-esterification reaction was conducted at 6% of catalyst A amount,12∶1 of molar ratio of methanol to oil,2.5 h of reaction time.The optimal conditions of esterification obtained by orthogonal experiment were as follows：2 h of reaction time,100℃ of reaction temperature,6% of catalyst B amount,and 9∶1 of molar ratio of methanol to oil.Under above conditions,96.4% of yield was obtained.These results showed the solid acid catalyst and solid base catalyst prepared in this work can effectively transform waste cooking oil into biodiesel.

关 键 词：潲水油 生物柴油 固体酸催化剂 固体碱催化剂 

分 类 号：TQ645[化学工程—精细化工]