伊犁察布查尔县婴儿代乳品、辅食添加现状及原因分析  

作　　者：王维[1] 夏焕君[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省永州职业技术学院医学院,425100 [2]济宁医学院护理学院,272013

出　　处：《中国保健》2010年第6期16-20,共5页

摘　　要：目的 了解伊犁察布查尔地区6个月以内婴儿母乳喂养与辅食添加现状,分析影响婴儿过早添加辅食的可能因素。方法 队列研究方法,对伊犁察布察尔地区2008年出生的婴儿母亲进行问卷调查及产后6个月的逐月随访,样本量226例。结果 （1）婴儿出生时纯母乳喂养率是82.06%,3个月时纯母乳喂养率（72.81%）开始明显下降,4个月时纯母乳喂养率降到55.92%,6个月仅有43.09%的婴儿是纯母乳喂养。（2）婴儿1月、2月、3月、4月、6月时辅食添加率分别是16.4%、16.8%、20.8%、27.4%、41.6%,其中有27.4%的婴儿在4个月前已经开始添加了一种或一种以上的辅食,已添代乳品、水、水果蔬菜、谷类、蛋类的比例分别占62.9%、53.2%、27.4%、27.4%、35.5%;6个月时大部分婴儿未及时添加辅食,辅食添加率仅为41.6%,代乳品、水、水果蔬菜、谷类、蛋类的比例分别占77.7%、40.4%、42.6%、35.1%、57.4%。（3）代乳品添加中鲜牛奶的比例最高,4个月时已达82.1%,6个月时所占比例为84.9%。（4）婴儿辅食添加过旱的影响因素有：母亲年龄、孩子是否第一个、吸吮时间、孩子每天睡眠时间等。结论伊犁察布查尔地区纯母乳喂养率低；在辅食添加时间上存在较大的问题；加强少数民族母亲婴儿喂养知识的教育，重点在及时合理的添加辅食。Objective To assess the status of breast-feeding and complementary feeding of children aged under 6 months in chabuchaer county, YiLi area, analyze the risk factors which influence complementary feeding before 4 month. Methods Cohort study. Questionnaire survey among mothers who delivered babies at the year of 2008 in chabuchaer county, Then followed up the mothers till 6 month for the information about their baby＇ s feeding and health condition. The sample size was 226. Results （1） Exclusive breast-feeding rate was 82.06% when babies was born, It had obvious below in the third month （72.81%） and was 55.92% in the forth month, that is only 43.09% in sixth month. （2） The complementary feeding rate were 16.4%, 16.8%, 20.8%, 27.4%, 41.6%, respectively when infants was growth in first month, second, third, forth, sixth month. The findings show that 27.4% of babies had been given at least one kind of complementary food by four months of age. The percentages of baby beginning to receive dairy, water, fruit and vegetable, cereal, egg were 62.9%, 53.2%, 27.4%, 27.4%, 35.5%, respectively. It was also found that most infants was not start timely complementary food in sixth month, the feeding rate was only 41.6%, the proportion of dairy, water, fruit and vegetable, cereal, egg were 77.7%, 40.4%, 42.6%, 35.1%, 57.4%, respectively, （3） the proportion of milk feeding was the highest in dairy which had reached to 82.1% and 84.9% by the time of forth months and sixth month. （4） Factors influcing the complementary feeding rate before 4 month were age of mothers, whether the first child or not, the time of sucking, mean time of child＇ s everyday sleeping. Conclusion The exclusive breast-feeding rate was low in chabuchaer county, YiLi area; Most women did not know the proper time of introduction and appropriate preparation methods of complementary foods; The education of the infants＇ feeding in minority should be strengthen, It is emphasis on complementary feeding timely and scientifically.

关 键 词：辅食添加 母乳喂养 婴儿 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科;医药卫生—临床医学]