微囊化技术在医学领域中的应用与进展  

Application and progress of microencapsulation technology in medical field

作　　者：杨晓昀[1] 陈儿同[1] 周燕[1] 刘宝林[1,2] 张华[1] 徐文强[1] 李巧巧[1] 叶萍[1] 彭承宏[3,4] 韩宝三[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学医疗器械与食品学院食品科学与低温研究所,上海市200093 [2]上海理工大学医疗器械与食品学院生物热科学研究所,上海市200093 [3]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院普外科、乳腺疾病诊治中心,上海市200025 [4]上海消化外科研究所,上海市200025

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2010年第29期5483-5488,共6页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家“十一五”高新技术研究发展计划-“863”重点项目(2007AA091603);国家“十一五”高新技术研究发展计划-“863”项目(2008AA02Z417);国家自然科学基金重点项目(20434030);国家自然科学基金项目(30801107,30672043,30772105,20074031,50776060);上海市教委科研创新项目(09YZ84);上海市科委自然科学基金(07ZR14076);上海市科委自然科学基金项目(09140902300);山东省科技攻关计划项目(2008GG10002027);新疆乌鲁木齐市科委重点项目(y08231006);教育部新世纪优秀人才计划(07-0559);上海市东方学者计划~~

摘　　要：背景:微囊的免疫隔离保护和可控缓释的特性得到了医学领域的重视,并已广泛应用于糖尿病、帕金森症、肝衰竭、镇痛、肿瘤等疾病治疗过程中。目的:综述微囊化技术的特性以及在医学研究领域中的应用。方法:由第一作者检索1964/2009PubMed数据库(网址http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed),2000/2009万方数据库(网址http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn)有关微囊化移植,微囊化可控缓释,微囊化技术在医学应用方面的应用方面的文献,英文关键词为"microencapsulated,transplantation,controlled release"。中文关键词为"微囊化"。结果与结论:微囊作为一种载体,为细胞提供了一个三维培养基质,改善细胞间的作用,提高细胞的功能;为异体细胞提供了免疫屏障,阻挡免疫细胞的识别,但又不妨碍营养物质、氧气及代谢产物运输;为机体提供可控的长期稳定缓释有效成分治疗疾病。微囊化技术在糖尿病方面研究比较多,在帕金森症、肝衰竭、脊髓损伤、甲状旁腺功能低下、骨科领域、肿瘤癌症等方面也有一定的探索,但微囊化技术从个别动物试验成功到真正临床广泛应用还有很漫长的历程,在拓宽微囊化技术在医学领域运用的同时,需进一步加强理想刚性结构、良好生物相容性和可控半透膜性的探索。BACKGROUND：The study of microcapsule attracts great attention from the medical field due to its characteristics of immunoisolation,immunoprotection,as well as the controlled release.The microcapsule has been widely used in the therapy of diabetes,Parkinson disease,hepatic failure,analgesic effect,tumor,etc.OBJECTIVE：To summarize the characteristics of microencapsulated technology and its application in the medicine field.METHODS：Information from PubMed（http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed）and Wanfang databases（http：//www.wanfangdata.com.cn）were retrieved by the first author using key words of＂microencapsulated,transplantation,controlled release＂both in English and Chinese.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：As a kind of carrier,microcapsule supplies a three-dimensional matrix for cell culture,which could improve the intercellular effect and the function of cells;it forms an immune barrier for allogeneic cells,which prevent immunocyte from recognizing while do not affect the transportation of nutrients,oxygen and metabolites.It can treat diseases by providing the long-term stable controlled and released effective components for bodies.Although a lot of studies have reported the application of the microencapsulated technology in diabetes,Parkinson disease,hepatic failure,spinal cord injury,hypothyroidism,orthopaedics,tumor cancer and so on,clinical application remains still difficult.While expanding the application of microencapsulated technology in medical field,the ideal structure,good biocompatibility and controlled semi-permeable membrane of the microcapsule should be strengthened.

关 键 词：微囊化 生物人工肝 胰岛 免疫隔离 组织工程 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]