不同缺血方式制作脑室周围白质软化大鼠模型的比较  

Comparison of Different Ischemic Methods in Establishment of Periventricular Leukomalacia Rat Model

作　　者：贺月秋[1] 陈惠金[1] 钱龙华[1] 陈冠仪[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院,上海市儿科医学研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《实验动物与比较医学》2010年第3期153-157,共5页Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine

基　　金：上海市教委课题（05BZ08）

摘　　要：目的通过比较不同的缺血方式，创建与人类早产儿脑室周围白质软化（PVL）病理相似的可靠PVL大鼠模型。方法随机将2日龄新生大鼠分为单侧颈总动脉结扎组、双侧颈总动脉结扎组以及假手术对照组。分别于术后2d和21d进行称重、光镜和电镜下脑病理评估。结果术后2d和21d，双侧结扎组新生大鼠的体重显著低于单侧结扎组及假手术组（P均〈0．05）。光镜下病理学观察显示，双侧结扎组脑皮质结构相对完整；皮层下和脑室周围白质则病变明显，术后21d，白质内见多个囊性疏松坏死区域形成。单侧结扎组皮层神经元呈弥漫性损伤，数量明显减少：皮层下白质则基本正常。两组在术后21d白质损伤病理评分之间的差异呈非常显著统计学意义（Х^2=8．751，P=0．003）。术后21d电镜显示双侧结扎组白质内髓鞘形成较单侧结扎组明显减少。结论单侧结扎组主要造成皮质受损，双侧结扎组则主要造成白质损伤，提示双侧颈总动脉结扎是制作PVL动物模型的可靠方法。Objective To compare different ischemic methods for establishing a reliable neonatal rat model for periventricular leukomalacia （PVL） which is expected to be similar to PVL in human preterm infants pathologically. Methods Two-old-day neonatal rats were randomly divided into bilateral common carotid artery ligafion group, unilateral common carotid artery ligation group, and sham group. The weighing, cerebral pathological assessments under either light or electronic microscopes were respectively undertaken 2 days and 21 days after operation. Results The body weights in bilateral common carotid artery ligation group was reduced significantly compared to those in either unilateral common carotid artery ligation group or sham group （P〈0.05 for all）. The relatively intact cortex but obvious pathological change of white matter in 2 days after operation and the cystic, loose, and necrotic white matter in 21 days after operation were observed under light microscope in bilateral common carotid arteries ligation group, while a diffuse neuronal injuries in cortex with a basic normal white matter was found in unilateral common carotid artery ligation group. There was significant difference in patho- logical score of white matter injury on day 21 after operation （Х^2=8.751, P=0.003）. The myelination under electronic microscope reduced remarkably in bilateral common carotid arteries ligation group. Conclusions The ligation of the unilateral common carotid artery can induce cortical damage and the ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries can result in white matter injury principally, and suggesting the ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries is a reliable method for establishment of PVL model.

关 键 词：脑室周围白质软化(PVL) 模型 缺血方式 新生大鼠 

分 类 号：R742[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学]