小儿后颅窝肿瘤临床及MR特点与误诊分析  

Clinical and MR characters of the posterior cranial fossa tumor and misdiagnosis analysis in children

作　　者：孙玉玲[1] 周慧[1] 温兆春[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学附属省立医院外科,山东济南250021

出　　处：《中华肿瘤防治杂志》2010年第10期773-774,共2页Chinese Journal of Cancer Prevention and Treatment

摘　　要：为了探讨磁共振成像(MR)对儿童后颅窝肿瘤的诊断与鉴别诊断价值及儿童后颅窝肿瘤误诊原因,回顾性分析48例误诊的儿童后颅窝肿瘤的MR和临床资料,其中星形细胞瘤18例、髓母细胞瘤15例、室管膜瘤7例、胚胎发育性神经上皮瘤5例、血管母细胞瘤3例。肿瘤位于小脑蚓部20例,小脑半球14例,脑干9例,第四脑室5例。所有病灶均引起梗阻性脑积水。MR能显示肿瘤的位置、大小、形态及信号特点,定性诊断明显优于CT。初步研究结果提示,儿童后颅窝肿瘤的MR表现具有一定的特征性,对定位和定性诊断具有重要的临床应用价值,患儿不典型的症状与体征以及未及时行头颅MR检查是延误诊断的主要原因。The objective of this study was to evaluate the value of MR in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of posterior cranial fossa tumors in children and analyze the reason of misdiagnosis.The clinical data and MR manifestations of 48 childre with posterior cranial fossa tumors were retrospectively reviewed,including 18 cases of astrocytoma,15 medulloblastoma,7 ependymoma,5 dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor（DNT）and 3 hemangioblastoma.A total of 20 cases of these were located in invermis,14 cases in cerebellar hemisphere,9 cases in brainstem,and 5 cases in fourth ventricle.All showed hydrocephalic sign on MR.MR could well displayed the location,size,shape,and signal intensity of the tumors,and surpassed CT.In conclusion,there are some characteristic findings on MR of posterior cranial fossa tumors in children.MR plays an important value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of posterior cranial fossa tumors in children.Atypical symptoms and signs as well as without MR inspection in time are important reasons for delayed diagnosis.

关 键 词：颅骨肿瘤/诊断 颅窝 后 磁共振成像 误诊 

分 类 号：R739.4[医药卫生—肿瘤]