护士职业倦怠与护理差错关系研究  

Nurses′ Burnout and Nursing Errors:A prospective and cohort study

作　　者：莫冬绵[1] 卓燕芳[1] 郭惠敏[1] 徐梅玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省海口市人民医院门诊部,570208

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2010年第22期2510-2512,共3页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的了解病房一线护士职业倦怠程度,同时调查护士职业倦怠与护理差错之间的关系。方法设计为前瞻性队列研究,采用Maslach职业倦怠量表对149位病房一线护士进行调查。按照标准方法记录护士发生的护理差错并计算护士平均每月发生护理差错次数。结果共149位病房一线护士接受调查,其中98人(65.77%)符合职业倦怠的诊断标准,调查期间共查出护理差错257次。职业倦怠的病房一线护士发生护理差错的次数是非职业倦怠的病房一线护士的6.4倍;职业倦怠的病房一线护士平均每月发生护理差错为1.97次[95%CI(0.73,4.56)],非职业倦怠的病房一线护士平均每月发生护理差错为0.31次[95%CI(0.12,0.49)],两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。职业倦怠的病房一线护士自我报告精神压抑最为常见,共有67人(68.37%)职业倦怠的病房一线护士有此项报告,而非职业倦怠的病房一线护士只有14人(27.45%)报告,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论病房一线护士普遍存在职业倦怠精神障碍,职业倦怠病房一线护士较正常病房一线护士更容易出现护理差错。Objective To determine the prevalence of job burnout among the first line nurses working in the ward,and to explore the relationship between burnout and nursing errors.Methods A prospective and cohort study was designed.Totally 149 eligible first line nurses working in the wards of our hospital were enrolled.Prevalence of burnout was recorded by using the Maslach Burnout Inventory,average rate of nursing errors were counted as per nurse per month.Results There were 98 （65.77%） of 149 participating nurses who met the criteria for job burnout.Active surveillance yielded totally 257 errors made by participants.Burnout nurses made about 6.4 times as many nursing errors per nurse per month as non-burnout,nurses,or 1.97 （95% confidence interval 0.73 to 4.56） vs.0.31 （95% confidence interval 0.12 to 0.49） （P0.001）.The depressed emotion self-reported by burtnout nurses numbered to 67 （68.37%）,while that by non-burtnout nurses numbered to 14 （27.45%） （P0.001）.Conclusion Burnout is a major problem among the first line nurses.Burnout nurses made significantly more nursing errors than their non-burnout counterparts.

关 键 词：护士 职业倦怠 护理差错 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]