真菌对污染旱地红壤中苯并[a]芘共代谢降解研究  

Effects of Fungi on Co-metabolic Degradation of Benzo[a]pyrene in Droughty Red Soil

作　　者：刘世亮[1,2] 骆永明[2,3] 吴龙华[2] 曹志洪[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州450002 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤和环境生物修复研究中心,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第8期1944-1950,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40432005);河南省自然科学基金项目(0511031400);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB410810);中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX3-SW-429,CXTD-Z2005-4)

摘　　要：在恒温和恒定转速培养条件下,模拟生物泥浆反应器法,选择从石油污染土壤中分离出来的青霉菌、黑曲霉、白腐真菌等3种真菌,在添加不同浓度菲和邻苯二甲酸作为共存底物情况下,研究其对旱地红壤中苯并[a]芘(B[a]P)的共代谢降解.结果表明,未灭菌土壤对B[a]P有降解能力,当土壤中添加菲时,提高了B[a]P在土壤中的降解率,100 mg.kg-1浓度菲处理的降解率显著高于200 mg.kg-1浓度菲处理,邻苯二甲酸对B[a]P降解影响不大.灭菌土壤中B[a]P几乎没有降解,添加共代谢底物后土壤中B[a]P降解率变化不明显.添加菲及邻苯二甲酸均促进了青霉菌对B[a]P的降解,提高其降解率,其中添加菲的效果更明显.与灭菌土壤相比,接种黑曲霉提高了B[a]P的降解率,但是添加菲与邻苯二甲酸却均抑制了黑曲霉菌对B[a]P的降解.白腐真菌对旱地红壤中B[a]P的降解能力较差,但当菲或邻苯二甲酸存在时能显著提高白腐真菌对B[a]P的降解,且菲比邻苯二甲酸效果好.Simulated bioslurry remediation of PAHs contaminated soil was carried out.Penicillium,Aspergillus niger and white-rot fungus etc.three strains of fungi isolated from petroleum-contaminated soils were inoculated into droughty red soils differently in application rates of phenanthrene and phthalic acid,to investigate their effects of co-metabolic degradation of B[a]P.Results show that in natural soils,some native microorganisms were able to degrade B[a]P and with addition of low molecular weight PAHs-phenanthrene increased degradation rate of B[a]P in the soil.The effect was greater when the application rate of phenanthrene was 100 mg.kg-1 than 200 mg.kg-1.But the addition of phthalic acid did not show much effect.In sterilized soils,degradation of B[a]P in soils was hardly observed,and application of co-metabolism has no significant effect.However,inoculation of Penicillium stimulated degradation of B[a]P in all three treatments,i.e.phenanthrene at 100 mg.kg-1,phenanthrene at 200 mg.kg-1 and phthalic acid,but the effect of phenanthrene treatment was better than that of phthalic acid treatment.Inoculation of Aspergillus niger also showed similar effect,however,was inhibited by the presence of phenanthrene and phthalic acid in the soil.The degradation ability of white-rot fungus to B[a]P was very poor,but both kinds of phenanthrene concentration and phthalic acid treatments all could promote white-rot fungus to degrade B[a]P in soils,and the effect of phenanthrene was better than that of phthalic acid.

关 键 词：多环芳烃(PAHs) 共代谢降解 苯并[a]芘(B[a]P) 真菌 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]