818例羊膜腔穿刺产前诊断临床分析  

Clinical analysis on prenatal diagnosis of amniocentesis in 818 cases

作　　者：张静媛[1] 吴二平[1] 钟世林[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳医院妇产科产前诊断中心,广东深圳518036

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2010年第22期3153-3155,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的:分析羊水细胞染色体核型,探讨胎儿染色体异常特点及临床高危因素,进一步提高胎儿异常染色体核型的检出率。方法:选取818例妊娠16～23周的孕妇,通过羊水细胞培养、制片及G显带技术进行染色体分析。结果:共检出46例异常染色体核型,包括染色体数目异常21例和结构异常25例。以超声异常及夫妇一方染色体异常为指征的异常染色体检出率明显高于高龄妊娠及21三体高风险(P<0.05),21三体高风险与高龄妊娠的异常染色体检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:血清学筛查高风险及高龄孕妇都有进行产前诊断的必要性。对于超声提示胎儿异常者及夫妇一方为染色体异常者应警惕胎儿染色体异常。Objective：To analyze the chromosomal karyotypes of amniotic fluid cells,explore the characteristics of fetal chromosomal abnormality and clinical high risk factors,in order to increase the detection rate of abnormal chromosomal karyotypes.Methods：818 pregnant women of 16～23 gestational weeks were selected,then amniotic cell culture,slice production and G band staining technique were conducted for chromosomal analysis.Results：46 cases with abnormal chromosomal karyotypes were found,including 21 cases with chromosomal number abnormality and 25 cases with chromosomal structural abnormality; the detection rates of chromosomal abnormality in cases with abnormal ultrasound results and one of the couple with chromosomal abnormality were significantly higher than those with 21-trisome and advanced age （P〈0.05）,there was no significant difference in detection rate of chromosomal abnormality between cases with 21-trisome and pregnancy of advanced age （P〉0.05）. Conclusion：It is necessary for the cases with high risk of serological screening and advanced age to receive prenatal diagnosis,and for the cases with abnormal fetuses indicated by ultrasound and one of the couple with chromosomal abnormality,fetal chromosomal abnormality should be concerned.

关 键 词：产前诊断 羊水穿刺 染色体核型 

分 类 号：R44[医药卫生—诊断学] R71[医药卫生—临床医学]