播期和密度对小麦新品种鄂麦596群体性状及产量的影响  

Effect of Planting Density and Sowing Date on Population Traits and Grain Yield of New Wheat Cultivar Emai 596

作　　者：董静[1] 李梅芳[1] 许甫超[1] 葛双桃[1] 王贤智[1] 李龙甫[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,武汉430064 [2]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2010年第7期1562-1566,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BADOIA02-21);湖北省"十一五"重大科技攻关项目"优质专用小麦新品种选育"(2006AA201A04);湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目(2007-620-002-03)

摘　　要：研究了不同密度和播期对鄂麦596相关性状的影响。结果表明,密度和播期对群体分蘖消长有很大的影响。不同处理灌浆进程符合Logistic生长曲线,密度对灌浆特性影响较小,播期对灌浆特性影响较大。密度对有效穗数、每穗粒数有极显著的影响,对千粒重影响不显著;播期对3个产量构成因素的影响达显著或极显著水平;密度与播期的互作效应对产量和3个构成因素的影响都不显著。密度间产量差异不显著,但密度为225万/hm2的产量最高,且产量3因子较协调。播期间产量差异显著,鄂麦596平均公顷产量以11月3日播种的最高,但与11月11日播种的无显著差异。春季反常低温导致前两期穗粒数下降是播期影响产量的主要原因。综合试验结果认为,密度以195万～225万/hm2为宜;播期根据当地气候适当推迟。In order to provide suitable cultivation measures for the large scale extension of Emai 596, a new wheat variety bred by the Institute of Food Crops of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the effects of planting densities and sowing dates on related traits were investigated.The results showed that planting density and sowing date had great effects on total culms.Grain-filling of Emai 596 best fit Logistic Growth Equation.The effects of sowing date on Grain-filling characteristics were great, and those of planting density were small.The effects of planting density on spike number per hectare and grains per spike were significant, but not significant on thousand-grain weight.Sowing date had significant effects on three yield components.Planting density and sowing date had no significant interactions on yield and three yield components.Even though there was no statistically significant difference among the average yields of the three planting densities ,the density 2 250 thousand seedlings per hectare had higher yield and coordinated yield components.There were significant differences among the average yields of all sowing dates.Sowing on November 3 had the highest average yield, but without significant difference with the average yield sown on November 11.The yield differences among four sowing dates were contributed mainly by the decrease of grains per spike, which were induced by the abnormal low temperature in spring.Based on the results, the suitable density was 1 950 to 2 250 thousand seedlings per hectare with an appropriate delay of the sowing date according to the local weather.

关 键 词：小麦 密度 播期 群体性状 灌浆特性 产量构成因素 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S35