延迟时间与反应设置对任务切换的影响  

The Effect of Response-Cue Interval and Response Setting on Task Switching

作　　者：黄四林[1] 林崇德[2] 胡清芬[2] 衣新发[3] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学社会发展学院心理学系,北京100081 [2]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875 [3]清华大学心理系,北京100084

出　　处：《心理科学》2010年第4期775-778,784,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目"思维过程中的执行加工与自我监控:事件相关脑电位研究"(批准号:30670717)

摘　　要：采用任务线索范式,探讨了在不同反应设置条件下,延迟时间对任务切换的影响,以揭示在延迟时间内之前任务设置延迟的认知加工。以切换代价为主要测量指标,结果表明,反应设置和延迟时间的主效应均不显著,但是二者的交互作用显著。简单效应分析发现,在双向设置条件下,切换代价随着延迟时间的延长而显著减少,但是在单向设置条件下无显著差异。这说明,在任务切换中反应设置对延迟时间的影响效应具有调节作用。由此可见,在延迟时间内之前任务设置延迟的是反应设置。The task cueing paradigm was used to explore the effect of response-cue interval （RCI） on task switching under the condition of difference levels of response task setting. The purpose of the study was to identify the cognitive processes responsible for the carryover component of task-switching cost during the RCI. Switch cost was measured as the main index. Repeated-measure ANOVA was performed for the experiment. The results revealed that the interaction between RCI and response task setting was significant. Specifically, under the condition of bivalent response setting, switch cost decreased significantly with the increase of RCI. However, there were insignificant differences in switch cost in the situation of univalent response setting. These results showed that the effect of RCl on task switching was mediated by response task setting. From the results we can conclude that response task setting is the underlying process of the carryover component of task-switching cost.

关 键 词：任务切换 切换代价 执行控制 反应设置 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]