密闭环境挥发性有机物行为特性分析  

ANALYSIS ON ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF VOCs IN CLOSED CABIN

作　　者：梁宏[1] 余秉良[1] 何正杰[1] 张恒太[1] 张晓春[1] 于芳[1] 周宗明[1] 

机构地区：[1]航天医学工程研究所

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》1999年第2期85-89,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：国防科研基金

摘　　要：目的：研究居住型密闭环境内挥发性有机物（简称：ＶＯＣ）的环境行为特征，以了解其污染状况。方法：４名成年健康男性志愿者（简称：受试者）在６０ｍ３居住型密闭环境内生活５昼夜。采集受试者进入密闭环境前一天上午的汗液（简称：Ｓ１）和离开密闭环境当天上午的汗液（简称：Ｓ２）。５昼夜实验期间，每天上午采集环境空气和受试者２４ｈ内的的尿液及粪便。将采集的样品置于Ｔｅｋｍａｒ－３０００和ＦｉｎｎｉｇａｎＧＣＱ联机系统，采用吹扫捕集－色质谱联用方法分析检测ＶＯＣ。结果：密闭环境中ＶＯＣ种类先增加后稳定，共检出７１种，以胺类和苯类为主。ＶＯＣ总量呈现持续增长趋势。尿液、粪便、Ｓ１、Ｓ２中分别有１种、５种、１种、１１种有机物与密闭环境空气中的ＶＯＣ相同。结论：密闭环境中ＶＯＣ的析出量达到稳定状态需要较长时间，胺类和苯类物质是密闭环境中主要的污染物。Objective:To study the environmental behavior feature of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in closed cabin for understanding the state of pollution. Methods:Four male healthy volunteers lived in a closed cabin, the volume of which is 60m 3, for five days. Collecting sweat from volunteers two times, the first sweat samples (S1)were gathered in the last morning before the day on which they entered the cabin, the second sweat samples (S2)were gathered in the morning of the day on which they left the cabin. During five days experiment, the cabin air and the urine and excrement of the volunteers in past 24 hours were collected one time every morning. The VOCs in the samples were examined and determined under Tekmar3000-Finnigan GCQ system, using the purge and trap-GC/MS method. Results: There were 71 VOCs mainly containing amine and benzene compounds in the cabin. The variety of VOCs rose firstly and then became stable, the quantity of VOCs increased continuously. One, five,one and eleven organic compounds in urine, excrement, S1 and S2 of the volunteers respectively were the same as those in the closed cabin air. Conclusion: It takes relatively long time that the released amount of VOCs reached a stable state in the cabin. The main contaminants in the cabin were amine and benzene compounds which were easily adsorbed along with low concentration naphthalene by skin in human body.

关 键 词：密闭环境 挥发性有机物 环境行为 污染 皮肤 

分 类 号：R126.8[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R136.32[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]