华中区域1960～2005年平均最高、最低气温及气温日较差的变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of the Mean Maximum,Minimum Temperature,and Diurnal Range of Temperature in Central China during 1960-2005

作　　者：王凯[1] 陈正洪[1] 刘可群[1] 孙杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉区域气候中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2010年第4期418-424,共7页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：华中区域气象中心科技发展基金重点项目QY-Z-200807;国家科技支撑计划课题2007BAC29B02;2007BAC03A01

摘　　要：利用华中区域(河南、湖北、湖南3省)42站1960～2005年逐月平均最高、最低气温资料,计算并详细分析了该区域年(季、月)平均最高、最低气温和气温日较差的线性变化趋势、突变性及周期性特征。结果发现:1)华中区域年平均最高、最低气温均呈现上升趋势,年平均气温日较差呈减小趋势,其中年平均最低气温变化最显著。2)平均最高气温在春、秋、冬均呈上升趋势;平均最低气温四季均呈上升趋势,其中春、冬季变化显著;平均气温日较差在夏、冬季下降趋势较为明显,其中以冬季降幅最大。3)全年有4个月平均最高气温呈下降趋势,其中8月最为显著;平均最低气温在冬、春季为明显上升趋势,其他月变化趋势不显著;平均气温日较差在冬、夏季呈明显下降趋势,其中1月最为显著。4)年平均最高、最低气温在20世纪90年代经历了一次由冷变暖的明显突变;四季中,平均最高气温春、冬季突变显著,平均最低气温春、夏季突变显著。5)年平均最高、最低气温存在显著的2～4a周期变化。Monthly mean maximum,minimum temperature at 42 stations during 1960-2005 in central China （Henan,Hubei,and Hunan Provinces） were employed,and the linear trends,abrupt and periodic characteristics of the change of the annual,seasonal,and monthly mean maximum,minimum temperature,and diurnal range of temperature were calculated and analyzed in detail. The results are as follows：1） Annual mean maximum,minimum temperatures are all increasing,the diurnal range of temperature are decreasing,but the annual minimum temperature is significantly increasing.2） The mean maximum temperatures are increasing in spring,autumn,and winter; the mean minimum temperatures are increasing in the four seasons,and the increase is significant in spring and winter. The mean diurnal range of temperatures are significantly decreasing in summer and winter,and the decreasing rate is the biggest in winter. 3） There are four months with the mean maximum temperatures decreasing,and the decrease is obvious in August. The mean minimum temperatures are significantly increasing in spring and winter,and the trend in other months was not significant. The mean diurnal range of temperatures are significantly decreasing in summer and winter,and the decrease is obvious in January. 4） The mean maximum and minimum temperatures changed abruptly from cold to warm in the early 1990s. The mean maximum temperatures changed abruptly and significantly in spring and winter,so did the mean minimum temperatures in spring and summer. 5） There is a significant 2-4-year cycle of the mean maximum and minimum temperatures.

关 键 词：华中区域 平均最高气温 平均最低气温 平均气温日较差 变化趋势 突变 

分 类 号：P468[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]