山区小学生自我意识水平及其与家庭环境特征的关系  

Study on the level of self-consciousness among pupils in mountain area and its relationship with family environment

作　　者：明文东 马德珍[2] 

机构地区：[1]新泰市中医院,山东新泰271200 [2]泰安市疾病预防控制中心,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2010年第8期689-691,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：【目的】探讨山区小学生自我意识水平及其与家庭环境特征的关系,为有针对性地开展山区小学生心理健康教育提供依据。【方法】采用儿童自我意识量表（Piers-Harris Children＇s Self-concept Scale,PHCSS）、家庭环境特征量表和一般情况调查表对该山区703名在校小学生进行问卷调查。【结果】该山区小学生自我意识水平较差,正常者仅占39.8%,21.6%的小学生自我意识水平偏低,38.5%的小学生自我意识水平过高。女生的PHCSS总分、行为、智力、合群因子得分均显著高于男生（P〈0.05）。三年级小学生的PHCSS总分、智力、合群得分最低,六年级小学生的焦虑得分最低（P〈0.05）。相关分析结果表明,家庭环境特征部分因子与山区小学生的PHCSS部分因子得分呈显著相关（r=0.301~0.392,P〈0.05）。【结论】山区小学生自我意识水平较差,与家庭环境特征部分因子呈显著相关,建议积极改善家庭环境特征,有助于提高山区小学生自我意识水平。【Objective】 To explore the level of self-consciousness among pupils in mountain area and its relationship with family environment,and provide basis for psychological education. 【Method】 703 students from two primary schools in mountain area were selected to complete PHCSS,FES-CV and self-questionnaire. 【Results】 The level of self-consciousness among pupils in mountain area was poor,normal level of self-consciousness was only 39.8%,low level was 21.6%,high level was 38.5%.In behavior,intelligence,collaboration factors of PHCSS girls scored higher than boys（P0.05）.The scores of intelligence,collaboration factors of PHCSS in third-grade students were the lowest,the scores of anxiety factor in sixth-grade students were the lowest（P0.05）.Correlation analysis showed that there were statistically significant correlations between factors of family environment and all factors of PHCSS（r=-0.301～0.392,P0.05）. 【Conclusion】 The level of self-consciousness among pupils in mountain area was poor,and there were significant correlations between self-consciousness and family environment.Family environment actively should be improved to increase the level of self-consciousness among pupils in mountain area.

关 键 词：小学生 山区 自我意识 家庭环境 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]