表面活性剂CTAC和STAB对四尾栅藻的毒性效应  

Toxic effects of surfactants CTAC and STAB on Scenedesmus quadricauda

作　　者：荆国华[1] 卓静[1] 李小林[1] 周作明[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省高校工业生物技术重点实验室(华侨大学),福建厦门361021

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第8期1573-1577,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(D0710019)

摘　　要：采用室内培养法考察了十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)和十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(STAB)对四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)的生长状况、蛋白质含量、叶绿素含量、脂质过氧化丙二醛(MDA)含量以及超氧化歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响,分析了CTAC和STAB对四尾栅藻的毒性机理。结果表明:CTAC和STAB对四尾栅藻的生长抑制效应受浓度和时间的影响显著,STAB对四尾栅藻的毒性大于CTAC,且CTAC和STAB作用4d内,藻种蛋白质、叶绿素含量以及SOD酶活性均先上升后下降,MDA含量下降。根据5种指标变化与CTAC(或STAB)之间呈现的浓度-效应关系和时间-效应关系推测,表面活性剂对藻细胞的最初攻击点是通过改变其细胞膜膜脂分子的水溶性,破坏四尾栅藻的细胞膜;表面活性剂通过刺激细胞产生活性氧自由基引起脂质及其他生物大分子的氧化损伤可能是其对四尾栅藻产生毒害效应的主要机制。A laboratory test was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of surfactants cetanecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride （CTAC） and stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （STAB） on the growth, protein, chlorophyll, and malondialdehyde （MDA） contents, and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of Scenedesmus quadricauda, with the toxicological mechanism of the surfactants analyzed. Both CTAC and STAB inhibited the growth of S. quadricauda, and the toxicity of STAB was higher than that of CTAC. In the first 4 days CTAC-and STAB exposure, the protein and chlorophyll contents and SOD activity of S. quadricauda decreased after an initial increase, while the MDA content decreased constantly. According to the dosage-effect relations, it was deduced that the toxic effects of the surfactants on S. quadricauda were probably due to the changes of cell membrane permeability and the overload of reactive oxygen species.

关 键 词：十六烷基三甲基氯化铵 十八烷基三甲基溴化铵 四尾栅藻 毒性效应 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]