天鹅湖沉积物中营养盐和重金属的分布特征  

Distribution Characteristics of Nutrients and Heavy Metal in Sediments from Swan Lake

作　　者：高丽[1] 宋鹏鹏[1] 史衍玺[2] 柳莹[1] 唐志红[1] 

机构地区：[1]烟台大学海洋学院,山东烟台264005 [2]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2010年第4期99-102,107,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(40801084);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目(2007BS08017);烟台大学博士启动基金项目(HX05B6)

摘　　要：在荣成天鹅湖选取20个代表性样点,研究了表层沉积物中总氮、总磷、有机质和重金属的水平及分布状况,并对沉积物的环境质量进行了评价。结果表明,沉积物中总氮、总磷和有机质含量主要变化在0.6-1.2 g/kg,0.2-0.4 g/kg,5.0-20.0 g/kg之间,分别平均为0.85,0.35,19.89 g/kg;三生源要素的空间分布规律类似,其中有机质的变异程度较大。重金属Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb的平均含量分别为0.37,50.09,16.02,16.48,53.02,22.17 mg/kg,其中Cd、Cu、Zn的分布趋势类似,Cr和Ni相差不大。天鹅湖沉积物中营养盐和重金属的空间分布很不均衡,污染物质的累积与该区域的污染状况及沉积物粒度关系密切,北部人为活动频繁区和颗粒较细区含量较高,东近岸区及南部较低。与其它湖泊相比,天鹅湖沉积物中总磷和重金属的总体水平较低,Cr和Pb元素有所污染。据加拿大制定的沉积物评价标准,目前天鹅湖沉积物中污染物质不会产生大的生态毒性效应。20 sampling sites were selected to study the concentrations and distribution of total phosphorus（TP）,total nitrogen（TN）,organic matter（OM） and heavy metals in surface sediments from Rongcheng Swan lake,and environmental quality of sediments was evaluated primarily.The results showed that the concentrations of TP,TN and OM mainly changed at the range of 0.6~1.2 g/kg,0.2~0.4 g/kg and 5.0~20.0 g/kg,and the average concentrations were 0.85,0.35,19.89 g/kg,respectively.The spatial distribution of three elements were similar and the highest variation degree was observed in organic matter.The average concentrations of Cd,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn and Pb were 0.37,50.09,16.02,16.48,53.02,22.17 mg/kg,respectively.The similar distribution characteristics were observed in Cd,Cu,Zn and in Cr,Ni.There were great differences in concentrations of nutrients and heavy metals in sediments from different areas in Swan lake,and the accumulation of pollutants had a close relationship with pollution level and sediment size.For the most elements,high levels were found in the sediments of central and north areas,where grain sizes were fine and anthropogenic effect was great respectively;while the low concentrations were found in those of the east nearshore and the south area.Compared with other lakes,TP and heavy metal levels were relatively low,and the sediments were contaminated with Cr and Pb in Swan lake.According to the evaluation standard of sediments made in Canada,the pollutants in sediments would not bring a high ecological risk in Rongcheng Swan lake.

关 键 词：荣成天鹅湖 沉积物 营养盐 重金属 分布特征 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P736.21[天文地球—海洋地质]