儿化中间音、特征扩展与F3的两种走势--偃师儿化与北京儿化之比较  

The Medials in "er"(儿) Suffixation,Feature Spreading and Two Types of F3 Movement

作　　者：张慧丽[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系,北京100871 [2]密西根大学语言学系,密歇根安娜堡48109

出　　处：《语言科学》2010年第4期372-385,共14页Linguistic Sciences

摘　　要：文章以偃师方言为例,分析了汉语方言儿化出现的新的中间音的现象,认为在这些方言中虽然"儿"后缀引发了复杂的音系变化,但与北京话一样,都是"儿"后缀特征左扩展形成的。基于"特征扩展"理论,文章提取了偃师儿化特征左扩展的具体规则,预测了特征左扩展的两种模式。声学特征F3的两种走势也支持这个预测。因为偃师儿化是同类现象中最复杂的,对偃师儿化的分析也是对相关理论的一个检验。文章还比较了偃师儿化和北京儿化F3两种走势分布条件的差异,认为元音[a]和[]的舌尖特征取值是造成方言间F3走势分布条件不同的重要因素。The ＂er＂（儿）suffix in Yanshi Chinese spoken in Henan triggers complicated phonological processes.Based on the analysis of the medials occurring in the ＂er＂ suffixation in Yanshi,this article claims that the Yanshi ＂er＂ suffixation,like Beijing Chinese,is also resulted from the retroflex feature spreading.Within the theory of ＂feature spreading＂,this article draws the specific rules and predicts two types of feature spreading,which is supported by the two movements of F3 of the suffixed syllables.As the representative of all the related dialects formed by immigration in Ming Dynasty,whom still bearing similar characteristics currently,Yanshi ＂er＂ suffixation can be used to test relative theories,in terms of which Yanggu and Pingding＇s ＂er＂ suffixation are explained.Further more,this article argues that the coronal specification of the vowels [a] and [] plays an important role in the variation of the distribution of the two F3 movements,by comparing the distributive discrepancies of the F3 movement types between Yanshi and Beijing ＂er＂ suffixed syllables.

关 键 词：北京话 偃师方言 儿化 特征扩展 中间音 F3走势 舌尖特征取值 

分 类 号：H172.1[语言文字—汉语]