宣威地区改炉改灶干预措施预防肺癌效果评价  

Primary Prevention Strategy and Reduction of Lung Cancer Risk:Intervention Effdect Assessmetn of the Stove Improvement in Xuanwei County

作　　者：蓝青[1,2,3,4,5,6] 田琳玮 何兴舟[1,2,3,4,5,6] 杨儒道 李荣发[1,2,3,4,5,6] 黄朝富[1,2,3,4,5,6] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院环境卫生与卫生工程研究所 [2]云南省卫生防疫站 [3]云南省曲靖市卫生防疫站 [4]云南省宣威市卫生防疫站 [5]美国环保局健康影响与环境研究国家实验室 [6]美国环保局国家环境评价中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》1999年第2期116-119,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：为探讨改炉改灶干预措施对降低宣威地区肺癌发病率的效果，１９９２年进行了一次回顾性队列研究。改灶措施Ⅰ及措施Ⅱ均与肺癌发病率下降有较强的联系，其降低的程度大致与改灶时的年龄成反比。一生烧烟煤，在≤３０岁、３１～５０岁以及≥５１岁开始改灶与一生中未改灶的人群比较，男性患肺癌的相对危险度ＲＲ值分别为０．４２、０．６６及０．７５，女性分别为０．４２、０．６６及０．６６（以未改灶组为参照组，即其ＲＲ值为１．０）。男、女性在改灶后患肺癌危险性下降的程度相似。这些结果不仅支持了烧烟煤造成的室内空气污染与宣威地区肺癌之间具有因果关系的论点。To assess the effects of stove improvements on lung cancer risk,a retrospective cohort study was conducted in 1992.Improvements 1 and 2 were both associated with lung cancer risk reduction.The degree of reduction was similar in men and women,was somewhat greater with Improvement 1 than Improvement 2,and was inversely related to age at stove improvement.In women with Improvement 1,modeled lung cancer risk ratios were 0.42,0.66,and 0.66 for improvement at age ≤30,31～50,and ≥51 years,drespectively.In men,corresponding rations were 0.38,0.67,and 0.75(risk ratio=1.0 in subjects without stove improvement).These results verify that lung cancer risk decreases after coal stodve improvemnet in rural China,and enhance confidence that reduction of residential indoor air pollution benefits health in developing countries.

关 键 词：肺癌 室内空气污染 干预试验 燃煤 预防 

分 类 号：R734.201[医药卫生—肿瘤]