催裂剂对油茶果采后生理效应与品质的影响  

Physiological and qualitative responses of post-harvest fruit to cracking agent in Camellia oleifera

作　　者：梁文斌[1] 谭益民[1] 佘祥威[1] 钟海雁[1] 胡春水[1] 熊芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2010年第8期72-77,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湘财教指项目[2009-172]

摘　　要：以普通油茶果为试验材料,研究了催裂剂对其采后处理的生理效应和品质的影响。结果表明:与堆沤处理相比,催裂剂处理加速采后油茶果开裂脱籽,裂果指数提高30.89%,未裂果数量降低8.34%;同时,促进采后油茶果含水量及呼吸强度迅速下降,明显减少其干物质的生理消耗,其种仁干物质保存量提高3.68%,脂肪保存量提高4.84%,其中小果比大果的种仁可提高2.01%脂肪保存量;种子发芽率、苗高和苗重分别提高157.14%、246.15%和103.57%。催裂剂处理还避免了油茶果发热及霉变的发生,所榨茶油的主要质量指标符合国家油茶籽油质量标准。在催裂剂及堆沤处理期间脂肪含量测定值均呈现"下降-回升-稳定"的动态变化,并以此进一步证实催裂剂处理有利于采后油茶果内脂肪的保存,而堆沤处理则降低含油率。The physiological and qualitative effects of cracking agent on post-harvest fruits of Camellia oleifera were studied.The results show that compared with stacking treatment,the cracking agent treatment speeded up the progress of fruit cracking and seed separating,and the cracking index was increased by 30.89% and the amount of un-split fruits was reduced by 8.34%;meantime,the water content of post-harvest fruits rapidly decreased and the respiration rate decreased rapidly,and thereby the physiological consumption of the dry matter of the fruits was significantly reduced.The dry matter content of the seed was increased by 3.68%,and its fat conservation,which of the smaller fruits is 2.01% more than the larger ones,was significantly increased by 4.84%,the seed germination rate,seedling height and weight were increased by 157.14%,246.15% and 103.57% respectively.Treated by cracking agent,the heat and mildew of fruit stacks were well controlled,and the main quality indicators of the squeezed camellia oil are within the national quality control of camellia oil.During the post-harvest treatment of either stack or cracking agent,the fat measuring values showed a ＂down-up-stable＂ dynamic change,and therein directly evident is that the cracking agent treatment redounds to the fat conservation of the post-harvest fruits,but the stacking treatment is on the contrary.

关 键 词：油茶果实 催裂剂 采后生理 茶油品质 

分 类 号：Q945.66[生物学—植物学] S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]