表面活性剂对茭白生长影响及土壤残留分析  

Effects of surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on the growth of Zizania latifolia Turcz. and the residual LAS content in soil

作　　者：陈淑玲[1] 谭芸[2] 闫宁[1] 李建波[1] 寿森炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院园艺系,杭州310029 [2]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310029

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2010年第9期1854-1861,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(No.2008BADA6B06);浙江省科技厅资助项目(No.991102062)~~

摘　　要：采用土培的试验方法,研究了在不同浓度阴离子表面活性剂——直链烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)处理后,单季茭"美人茭"的生长、茭白叶片中叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶系统活性的变化情况,以及LAS在茭白叶片和土壤中的相对残留量.结果表明,10 mg.L-1、100 mg.L-1 LAS处理浓度对茭白的生长状态没有显著影响;1000 mg.L-1 LAS处理浓度下美人茭株高和最大叶宽均分别低于对照25.5%(p<0.05)和27.0%(p<0.05),处理过程中叶绿素总含量大幅下降.10 mg.L-1、100 mg.L-1 LAS处理浓度下美人茭的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著提高,1000 mg.L-1LAS处理浓度下美人茭的过氧化物酶(POD)活性受到严重的抑制.丙二醛(MDA)含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,并随着LAS处理浓度的升高而升高.茭白叶片中LAS残留量先下降后上升,10 mg.L-1处理浓度下美人茭叶片中LAS含量低;10和100mg.L-1处理浓度下土壤中LAS含量基本在0.1～0.5 mg.L-1之间,1000 mg.L-1处理浓度下土壤中LAS含量持续上升,达到2.0～3.0mg.L-1,且LAS含量在第28d比第7d时高54.0%(p<0.05).与单纯的土壤环境相比,茭白-土壤系统能够更有效地降低土壤中LAS含量.The effect of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate（LAS） treatment on the growth of Zizania latifolia Turcz.＂cv.Meirenjiao＂was investigated.The changes of the chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity during the growth period and the residual LAS in the leaves and the soil were determined.The results showed that 10 mg.L-1 and 100 mg.L-1 LAS treatments had no significant effect on the growth of the plants,while 1000 mg.L-1 LAS treatment reduced the height of the plant by 25.5%（p 0.05） and the maximum width of the leaves by 27.0%（p 0.05）.The 10 mg.L-1 and 100 mg.L-1 LAS treatments significantly promoted the activities of ascorbic acid peroxidase（APX） and catalase（CAT）,while peroxidase（POD） activity was significantly inhibited under 1000 mg.L-1 LAS treatment.Malondialdehyde（MDA） content rose with increasing LAS concentration in the early stage after LAS treatment,but decreased later in all treatments.The residual LAS content in the leaves increased in the early stage after LAS treatment,and then dropped.The plants treated with 10 mg.L-1 LAS had the lowest LAS content in the leaves.The residual LAS content of the soil ranged from 0.1 ～ 0.5 mg.L-1 under 10 mg.L-1 and 100 mg.L-1 LAS treatments.Under 1000 mg.L-1 LAS treatment,the residual LAS content of the soil kept rising,and ranged from 2.0 ～ 3.0 mg.L-1;the residue of LAS in soil was 54.0% higher on the 28th day than that on the 7th day.Compared to the soil alone,the plant-soil system can degrade LAS more effectively.

关 键 词：表面活性剂(LAS) 茭白 抗氧化酶 LAS残留量 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]