川西2种高山海棠果实和叶片的营养成分  

Nutritional Components of Fruits and Leaves of Malus toringoides and Malus transitoria in Western Sichuan

作　　者：王海英[1] 徐庆[1] 柴成忠 土布 杜孟殊 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]四川省炉霍县林业局,炉霍626500

出　　处：《林业科学》2010年第8期157-161,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家科技部"十一五"林业科技支撑课题(2006BAD03A0405)资助

摘　　要：变叶海棠（Malustoringoides）和花叶海棠（Malustransitoria）为落叶灌木或小乔木，是蔷薇科（Rosaceae）苹果属（Malus）中抗逆性极强的2个植物种（张云贵等，1998；王海英等，2009），也是四川西部甘孜州高海拔干旱贫瘠地区的重要建群种，2者在形态学、遗传多样性及起源等方面存在密切联系（石胜友等，2004；邓洪平等，2002；Contents of sugar,mineral elements,protein,amino acids,and fatty acid in fruits and leaves of Malus toringoides and Malus transitoria cultivars growing in Luhuo area of Sichuan,China were measured. The results showed that the fruits and leaves of the two alpine crabapples contain abundant nutritional materials. In fruits of the species the total sugar contents were 19. 045% and 19. 163% respectively; the vitamin C contents were 2. 433 mg·kg -1 and 2. 133 mg·kg -1 respectively; the Vitamin B2 contents were 3. 00 mg·kg -1 and 2. 30 mg·kg -1 respectively; the protein contents were 1. 171% and 1. 252% respectively; the content of 17 amino acid were ranged 0. 03% ～ 0. 50% and 0. 03% ～ 0. 45% respectively. The fruits contained complete mineral elements. There was significant difference in contents of Mn, Asp and Cys in fruits between the two species. The index of unsaturated fatty acid in fruits of M. toringoides was higher than that of M. transitoria. In leaves of Malus toringoides and Malus transitoria the polysaccharide contents were 21. 664% and 21. 166% respectively; the vitamin C contents were 2 574. 000 mg·kg -1 and 2 381. 090 mg·kg -1 respectively; the protein contents were 25. 160% and 27. 500% respectively; the contents of N,Ca,Cu,Fe,K,Mg,Mn, Na,P,S,Z and Se were relatively high and there were significant differences in 6 kinds of elements between the two species. There was significant difference in contents of disaccharide and glucose in leaves between the two species. The index of unsaturated fatty acid in leaves of M. toringoides was higher than M. transitoria.

关 键 词：变叶海棠 花叶海棠 果实 叶片 营养成分 

分 类 号：S789[农业科学—林学] Q946[生物学—植物学]