基于空间有效视野的高速公路线形安全性评价  

Safety Evaluation of Expressway Alignment Based on Spatial Valid Vision

作　　者：张驰[1] 杨少伟[1] 潘兵宏[1] 赵一飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学特殊地区公路工程教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2010年第9期132-137,共6页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：交通部西部交通建设科技项目(200231881227);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CHD2009JC035)

摘　　要：为了研究驾驶员视觉特性和道路平纵线形对高速公路安全性的影响,根据动视觉原理,提出驾驶员的空间有效视野是由视野平角、视野仰角和视距范围所确定的不规则棱台。采用分割积分法计算棱台体积,建立了空间有效视野模型。通过高速公路事故率与空间有效视野的相关性分析,确定以空间有效视野体积变化率作为高速公路线形安全性评价指标。在此基础上,考虑运行车速修正系数,构建基于空间有效视野的高速公路线形安全性评价标准。实际工程应用表明,评价方法合理实用,且所得到的评价结果与相关规范的评价结论一致。To investigate the influence of driver＇s visual characteristics and highway horizontal and vertical alignments on expressway safety, based on the driver＇s moving vision theory, it is put forward that driver＇s spatial valid vision is defined as an irregular prismoid constituted by vision straight angle, vision elevation angle and range of visibility. The volume of prismoid was calculated by using segmentation method, and the model of spatial valid vision was established. Through analyzing the relativity between accident rate of expressway and spatial valid vision, the volume change rate of spatial valid vision was defined as the safety evaluation index of expressway alignment. On this basis, the safety evaluation criteria of expressway alignment based on spatial valid vision were determined considering the correction factor of driving speed. Practical project applications prove that the evaluation method is reasonable and practical, the results of evaluation consistent with the specifications.

关 键 词：交通工程 安全性评价 空间有效视野 高速公路 评价标准 

分 类 号：U411[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]