鲢鳙控藻排泄物生态效应研究进展  

Ecological effect of the excretion from silver carp and bighead carp in algal bloom control:A review

作　　者：曾庆飞[1] 谷孝鸿[1] 毛志刚[1,2] 周露洪[1,2] 高华梅[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第9期1806-1811,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2008CB418104);国家自然科学基金项目(30900207);国家水污染控制重大专项项目(2008ZX07101-012);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所所长专项基金资助项目(niglas2009QD02)

摘　　要：利用鲢鳙控藻非经典生物操纵来控制蓝藻水华至今还存在分歧,主要集中在可能引起水体浮游生物个体小型化和微型藻类生物量激增等生态问题。这一现象的产生是由多种因素引起的,其中排泄物的影响不容忽视。根据国内外文献,综述了鲢鳙控藻排泄物的物质组成、未消化藻类的生长和光合活性以及消化部分在养殖水体中的迁移转化和对水体营养盐的直接贡献。由于养殖水体营养物质来源和生物转化过程的错综复杂性,往往很难用传统的方法来界定排泄物来源的氮对生态系统群落结构与功能改变的贡献及其传递过程。针对目前研究现状,建议借助叶绿素荧光成像系统和同位素示踪技术,从鱼类排泄物的角度评价鲢鳙控藻的生态后效及各自影响程度的差异,为非经典生物操纵的机理探讨和可行性分析提供参考依据。Using silver carp and bighead carp to control the excessive phytoplankton growth in eutrophic ecosystem remains controversial,because some authors reported that after stocking additional carps,there is a stimulation of small-celled plankton and an increase in the number and biomass of algae. Many reasons may cause these ecological problems,and the effect of the excretion from the carps cannot be ignored. This paper reviewed the researches on the composition of the excretion from silver carp and bighead carp,the growth and photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton passed through the intestine of silver carp and bighead carp,and the nutrient recycling and contribution in aquiculture system. Because of the complexity of the origin and biotransformation process of the nutrients in aquaculture systems,it＇s hard to identify how the excretion nitrogen affects the structure of plankton communities and the transmission process by traditional methods. Therefore,chlorophyll fluorescence system and isotopic technique are suggested to be introduced to study the ecological effect of the excretion from the carps in controlling algal bloom,which would help to understand the mechanisms and feasibility of nontraditional bio-manipulation in cyanobacterial bloom control.

关 键 词：鲢鳙控藻 排泄物 稳定同位素 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]