高中生沉思与应激性生活事件对抑郁症状的影响:1年追踪研究  

The Impact of Rumination and Stressful Life Events on Depressive Symptoms in High School Students:A Multi-Wave Longitudinal Study

作　　者：杨娟[1] 章晨晨[1] 姚树桥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理学中心,长沙410011

出　　处：《心理学报》2010年第9期939-945,共7页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30670709)部分资助

摘　　要：探讨沉思及沉思亚型与应激性生活事件的交互作用对抑郁症状的影响。采用流调中心用抑郁量表、青少年生活事件问卷和沉思反应量表等自评量表对527名高中生的抑郁症状、应激性生活事件和沉思进行评估,随后每3个月测评一次抑郁症状和应激性生活事件的发生情况,追踪调查1年,用多层线性模型分析数据。结果表明:沉思和强迫性冥思对抑郁症状的主效应显著,而反思不显著;沉思、强迫性冥思和反思与生活事件对抑郁症状的交互作用均不显著。结论:应激性生活事件和强迫性冥思会加重抑郁症状,而反思没有加重抑郁症状;沉思及亚型均不会改变应激性生活事件对抑郁症状的影响程度。There have only been a few studies that tested the interaction between rumination and stress in predicting levels of depressive symptoms and results are mixed. Some of the possible explanations listed below. First, Treynor, Gonzalez, and Nolen-Hoeksema （2003） have identified two distinct subtypes of rumination - brooding and reflection - which explains the relationship between rumination and depression. More specifically, studies indicate that brooding, but not reflection, predicts the development of depressive symptoms over time. Second, most of the studies have employed cross-sectional designs, which preclude directly examining the interaction between rumination and stress. Accordingly, the aim of the current study was to examine whether rumination and its subtypes moderates the relationship between stress and depressive symptoms. During the initial assessment, 618 high school students （302 boys, 316 girls） completed measures assessing stressful life events, rumination （including brooding and reflection） and depressive symptoms. Every three months for the next twelve months participants completed measures assessing stressful life events and depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling analyses. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated adolescents who tend to ruminate in response to depressive symptoms did not report greater elevations in depressive symptoms following elevations in negative life events than other adolescents did. Additionally, brooding only showed the main effect on depressive symptoms and did not moderate the relationship between the occurrence of stressful life events and depressive symptoms, while reflection did not predict the development of depressive symptoms. Stressful life events and brooding could predict the development of depressive symptoms, however rumination and its subtypes did not moderated the relationship between stress and depressive symptoms.

关 键 词：沉思 强迫性冥思 反思 多层线性模型 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]