线性时频分析方法综述  

Review on linear time-frequency analysis methods

作　　者：李振春[1] 刁瑞[1] 韩文功[2] 刘力辉[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学地球资源与信息学院,山东青岛266555 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司,山东东营257000 [3]北京诺克斯达石油科技有限公司,北京100192

出　　处：《勘探地球物理进展》2010年第4期239-246,共8页Progress in Exploration Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40974073);国家863课题(2007AA060504);国家973课题(2007CB209605)资助

摘　　要：较详细地综述了目前已有的短时傅里叶变换、小波变换、S变换和广义S变换等几种线性时频分析方法,概括了线性时频分析方法的特点和优缺点,阐述了各种方法的发展历程。窗函数对分辨率影响巨大,是线性时频分析方法的关键,通过对窗函数的调节和改进,可以得到不同的线性时频分析方法和相对应的时频分辨率。理论分析和试验表明,广义S变换的时频窗口能够随着频率尺度自适应地调整,具有较高的时频分辨率,在应用中具有更高的实用性和灵活性。利用广义S变换对地震数据体进行谱分解,可以得到更丰富的地震属性信息,对储层预测和油气识别有重要作用。This paper reviewed several linear time-frequency analysis methods,including short-time Fourier transform,wavelet transform,S transform and generalized S transform,and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of each method and its development process.Through the adjustment and optimization of window functions,we can obtain different linear time-frequency analysis methods and commensurate time and frequency resolution.Theoretical analysis and experiments show that the time-frequency window of generalized S transform can be adjusted adaptively with frequency scale,which ensures that the generalized S transform has a higher time-frequency resolution and better practicality and flexibility in applications.Spectral decomposition of seismic data with generalized S transform contains more seismic attribute information,which is vital for reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon detection.

关 键 词：时频分析 窗函数 小波变换 广义S变换 谱分解 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]