铜绿假单胞菌(TBPY)降解对氯苯酚的特性  

THE STUDY ON BIODEGRADATION OF 4-CHLOROPHEMOL BY PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA TBPY

作　　者：李晓菊[1] 姚日生[1,2] 王淮[1,2] 程莎莎[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学化工学院,合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学农产品生物化工教育部工程研究中心,合肥230009

出　　处：《环境化学》2010年第5期914-918,共5页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学基金(KJ2009A086)资助

摘　　要：借助Vis-UV分光光度计、高效液相色谱(HPLC)仪和透射电镜(TEM),对铜绿假单胞菌TBPY的生长与降解对氯苯酚的性能进行了研究.结果表明:通过逐步增加对氯苯酚浓度和转接代数的驯化后,TBPY菌株降解对氯苯酚的能力有了很大的提高,原菌在4d内才能将浓度为100mg.l-1的对氯苯酚降解至85mg.l-1,降解率只有15%,而多次驯化后的TBPY只需2d就能将浓度为100mg.l-1的对氯苯酚完全降解,驯化能显著提高TBPY菌株的降解能力;并且,与驯化前相比菌体的形态发生了很大变化,由菌体周边整齐、直或稍弯、两端钝圆的均匀杆状变为不均匀的卵圆、短杆和直杆状,几乎每个菌的形态都呈"花生"状,且菌体周边出现半透明的膜状物质,TBPY有很好的自我保护能力.随着对氯苯酚浓度的增大,TBPY菌的生长迟滞期是逐渐延长的,当对氯苯酚浓度达到150mg.l-1时,生长迟滞期为6d,对氯苯酚浓度继续增加,TBPY几乎停止生长,TBPY可耐受150mg.l-1的对氯苯酚.温度在30℃左右时,对氯苯酚的初始降解速率最大;菌株TBPY在培养基初始pH值为7.0—8.0的范围内,降解对氯苯酚的能力较强,以pH7.5的降解效果最好,对氯苯酚的初始降解速率高达1.51 mg.l-.1h-1;当pH6.5和pH8.5时,对氯苯酚的初始降解速率均较低为0.513 mg.l-.1h-1和1.061 mg.l-.1h-1.该菌优化降解条件为:温度30℃、培养基初始pH7.5、接种量2.0%;在该条件下,发酵1d后100mg.l-1对氯苯酚的降解率达99%以上.An aerobic bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa TBPY was identified to have 4-chlorophenol-degrading capability after acclimation.The growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa TBPY and the degradation performance of 4-chlorophenol were studied with UV-Vis spectrophotometey,high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）.Results showed that the 4-chlorophenol-degrading capability of TBPY increased greatly through acclimation.The degradation ratio of 4-chlorophenol by TBPY before acclimation was only 15%in 4 days when the initial concentration was 100mg·l^-1.However,TBPY after acclimation degraded 4-chlorophenol completely in 2 days when the initial concentration was 100mg·l^-1.In addition,the shape of TBPY before and after acclimation changed greatly.TBPY before acclimation was neat,straight or slightly curved,blunt at both ends with a uniform circular rod-shape.TBPY after acclimation was uneven,short rod and straight rod-shaped.Most of the bacterial after acclimation were peanut shell-like.Bacterial periphery was translucent.They had a good self-protection ability.Lag period was extended with the increase of 4-chlorophenol concentration.Lag period of TBPY was 6 days when 4-chlorophenol concentration was 150mg·l^-1.If the concentration of 4-chlorophenol continued to increase,TBPY virtually stopped growing.The highest endurance capability of TBPY was about 150mg·l^-1 4-chlorophenol.The initial degradation rate of 4-chlorophenol was maximum at 30℃.The 4-chlorophenol initial degradation rate was lower at pH 6.5 and pH 8.5（only 0.513 mg·l^-1·h-1 and 1.061 mg·l^-1·h-1,respectively）.However,the initial degradation rate was higher when pH was between 7.0 and 8.0,and it was maximum（up to 1.51mg·l^-1·h-1） at pH 7.5.The degradation ratio was over 99% in 1d when 4-chlorophenol concentration was 100mg·l^-1,the temperature was 30℃,the initial medium pH value was 7.5,and the inoculation volume was 2.0%.

关 键 词：生物降解 对氯苯酚 铜绿假单胞菌TBPY 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]