幔-壳地球化学演化和岩浆期后金属富集成矿的历程  

GEOCHEMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE MANTLE AND CRUST AND THE WHOLE METALLOGENIC HISTORY OF MAGMAS

作　　者：岑况[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学

出　　处：《地学前缘》1999年第2期375-383,共9页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：自然科学基金重点项目;国家攀登计划预选项目

摘　　要：系统论述了岩浆期后金属矿床成矿作用整个发展过程及其与地球壳幔物质分异演化的关系。笔者认为，岩浆侵位冷却结晶过程或随后金属矿床形成的时间相对于地球元素演化富集的历史是很短暂的。金属成矿的演化历史开始于元素的幔壳分异，其后成矿物质伴随全球性板块运动，经历了地壳不同构造环境和物理化学条件下的迁移演化，最终到达和定位于现今矿床的位置。因此，地壳中金属矿床的时空分布和成因类型的划分与成矿元素所经历的区域地质构造演化环境有关。文中还论证了应用矿床中的热液黑云母和岩体中的岩浆成因黑云母的ｘ（Ｆ）／ｘ（ＯＨ）和ｘ（Ｍｇ）／ｘ（Ｆｅ）等成分指标，由此可识别岩浆源岩性质和岩浆冷却结晶的物理化学环境。Both the whole history of ore forming processes of post magmatic metal deposits and the fractionation and evolution of elements in the mantle and crust are discussed The ore forming geologic time for the metal deposits during crystallization after magmatic intrusion is rather short relative to the whole geologic ore forming evolution However, the whole processes of metal deposit may begin even when the element fractionation starts in the mantle Then under the influence of global plate tectonic movement the elements experience different physicochemical conditions, reach to the present place and form the deposits Therefore, the space temporal distribution of ore deposits in the crust and its genetic types division are related to the regional tectonic environments within which the ore elements are evolved It is demonstrated that according to the hydrothermal biotite and the igneous biotite, the magmatic source rocks and the environments of cooling crystallization can be distinguished

关 键 词：壳-幔 地球化学 金属成矿 黑云母 金属矿床 

分 类 号：P618.205[天文地球—矿床学] P594[天文地球—地质学]