哈密顿正则方程与稳恒电流电路  

Hamilton Canonical Equation and Steady Current Circuit

作　　者：岳小萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院生命科学技术系物理教研室,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《新乡学院学报》2010年第4期32-35,共4页Journal of Xinxiang University

摘　　要：用完整系哈密顿正则方程研究了稳恒电路中的能量转换问题,认为在多种保守力作用的体系中研究质点的能态问题,必须将研究对象分别与其有一种保守力作用的物体划分在一个系统内,以构成不同的系统;计算研究对象在一个系统中的能量,必须将其他系统对研究对象作用的保守力视为广义力,考察广义力对研究对象做功的结果,分析研究对象在该系统中的能态变化,即哈密顿正则方程仅适用于一种保守力场中研究对象能态的研究。分析了外电场对晶格势场的作用,认为电流的磁场力和霍尔电场力是稳恒电路中的广义力,霍尔电势是载流子在晶格势场中电势能的增量,因此,在通电时,载流子在晶格势场中的电势能增加,能态升高。同时分析了载流子对比热贡献的物理机制和超导二级相变的发生机理,认为载流子将吸收的热量转变成其在晶格势场中的本征能量而能态升高;在二级相变点附近,比热跃变说明价电子在晶格势场中的电势能发生了跃变,价电子在晶格势场中的受力发生了跃变。同时给出了本征能态的物理意义说明,本征能态是指价电子在晶格势场中的电势能与动能相对应的能态,不同的价电子在实空间中的不同位置只要处于同样的能态,则其在晶格势场中的电势能和动能有相同的数值。In this study,to solve the problem of energy conversion,holonomic system of Hamilton canonical equation and several conceptions are used.Firstly,to research energy state of particle in conservative force interaction system,the research object and one object under the action of conservative force,which must be divided into one system then form into different systems.Secondly,the conservative force in other system contributing to research object,which must be regarded as generalized force,then explore the effect of generalized force working on research object.Thirdly,the Hamilton canonical equation is only applicable to study energy state and its changes of research object in one conservative force field.So,to explore the working force of the external electric filed to lattice potential field,we consider the magnetic force of current and Hall electric field force as generalized force in steady circuit.For current carriers in lattice potential field,Hall voltage is increment of electric potential energy.Thus,when power supply is on,the electric potential energy and energy state will increase.Moreover,the physical mechanism behind the contribution of carriers to specific heat and the generating mechanism of super conduction’s second-order phase transition are explored in this study.It is believed that carriers transform absorbed heat into Eigen energy in order to increase the energy state in lattice potential field.Near the critical point as a joint of second order phrase transition,the jump variation of specific heat illustrates that jump change will happen to energy state and force loading of valence electron in lattice potential field.Meanwhile,the physical significance of Eigen energy state is explained in this study.Eigen energy state equal as energy state corresponding to kinetic energy and potential energy for one valence electron in lattice potential field.Different valence electrons have different positions in real space,once they have same energy state,their value of potential energy and kinetic energy in

关 键 词：哈密顿正则方程 广义力 稳恒电流 载流子 二级相变 霍尔电场 霍尔电势 

分 类 号：O441[理学—电磁学]