后期维特根斯坦哲学——日常语言分析视域下的语法研究  

Post-Wittgenstein Philosophy:Grammatical Research in View of Daily Language Analysis

作　　者：徐弢[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学哲学系

出　　处：《安徽大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2010年第5期42-49,共8页Journal of Anhui University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：后期维特根斯坦关注日常语言的实际用法,认识到其前期逻辑分析方法的不足,并进行了猛烈的批评。他认为逻辑分析方法具有单一化、简单化、理想化等缺点,不能如实地描述日常语言的实际使用情况,因而不能满足真正哲学研究的要求。他主张真正的哲学研究运用描述和综观的方法,对日常语言实际用法作语法研究,考察不同语词的实际使用情况,注意其中的差异和类似,消除对于语言形式的不同误解,最终达到澄清哲学问题的目的。尽管遇到一些误解与诱惑,但其日常语言分析视域下的语法研究对当代哲学研究特别是日常语言学派产生了深远影响。Later Wittgenstein paid much attention to the factual usages of ordinary language,he realized the deficiencies of the method of logical analysis during his former period and criticized the method of logical analysis fiercely. He thought that there are many faults in the method of logical analysis such as singleness, simplification, idealization and the method of logical analysis could not factually describe the actual situation about the usages of ordinary language. It also can not satisfy the demand of real philosophieal investigation. He argued that the real philosophical investigation is one kind of grammatical investigation for the actual usage of ordinary language,we use the method of description and the method of survey to review the different words＇ usages in our ordinary language and identify the difference and similarity among them with the purpose of eliminating many misunderstandings about the forms of our ordinary language and clearing up the philosophical problems. Although it faces some misunderstanding and tempting, this kind of grammatical investigation in view of ordinary language analysis has affected the contemporary philosophy especially the school of ordinary language deeply.

关 键 词：维特根斯坦 逻辑分析 哲学研究 语法 纵观 描述 

分 类 号：B521[哲学宗教—外国哲学]