单光子探测技术  

ADVANCED SINGLE-PHOTON DETECTOR TECHNOLOGIES

作　　者：吴青林[1] 刘云[1] 陈巍[1] 韩正甫[1] 王克逸[2] 郭光灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]中科院量子信息重点实验室,中国科学技术大学,合肥230026 [2]光电信息技术实验室,中国科学技术大学精密机械与精密仪器系,合肥230026

出　　处：《物理学进展》2010年第3期296-306,共11页Progress In Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号60537020)

摘　　要：近年来,以量子密钥分配为代表的各种量子信息技术应用获得了飞速发展,这些应用对单光子探测器的性能提出了非常苛刻的要求,以光电倍增管和雪崩光电二极管为代表的传统单光子探测器件已经无法满足需求。在此背景下,出现了以超导单光子探测器为代表的新型低温单光子探测器件,其性能比现有商用单光子探测器有了本质性的提升。本文综述了迄今为止各种类型的单光子探测器,并指出各自在量子信息技术应用中的优势和不足之处以及发展方向。In the last decade, more and more quantum information applications such as quantum key distribution have been extensively demonstrated. These emerging applications place rigorous demands on detector performance such as detection efficiency, intrinsic photon number resolving ability etc. that go beyond the capabilities of traditional single-photon detectors composed of either photomultiplier tubes （PMTs） or avalanche photodiodes （APDs）. Fortunately, several new types of cryogenic detectors such as superconducting transition edge sensor （TES）, supereonductirig nanowire single photon detector （SNSPD）, and quantum-dot based single photon detector （QD SPD）have been realized recently. Here we review all kinds of single photon detector technologies at the present time, Advantages, disadvantages, and potential improvement of these techniques for quantum information applications are also discussed.

关 键 词：单光子探测 光电倍增管 雪崩光电二极管 超导单光子探测器 量子点单光子探测器 可见光子计数器 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程] O433.1[理学—光学]