不同成熟度双孢菇子实体主要营养元素与矿物质的光谱分析  

Spectral Analysis of Some Nutrients and Minerals in Agaricus Bisporus Fruit Bodies Harvested at Four Different Maturity Stages

作　　者：刘灿[1] 生吉萍[1,2] 申琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品与营养工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2010年第10期2820-2823,共4页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30571291;30972065);公益性行业(农业)科技项目(200803033);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2008BADAIB07)资助

摘　　要：采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法对小菇到开伞的4个不同成熟度(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ)双孢菇子实体的Na,K,P,Ca,Mg等常量元素及Cu,Se,Mo,Fe等微量元素含量进行了测定,同时对水分含量、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、维生素C等含量进行了分析。结果发现成熟度Ⅰ的双孢菇子实体中Na,K,P,Mg,Cu,Se,Mo含量均显著高于其他3个成熟度(α=0.05),Ca和Fe的含量均显著高于成熟度Ⅲ和Ⅳ;成熟度Ⅳ的Se含量显著高于成熟度Ⅱ和Ⅲ,Na含量显著高于成熟度Ⅱ,Cu含量显著高于成熟度Ⅲ;成熟度Ⅱ和Ⅲ的K,P,Ca,Mg,Mo,Fe的含量显著高于成熟度Ⅳ;而成熟度Ⅳ的含水量显著高于成熟度Ⅰ和Ⅲ,与成熟度Ⅱ的无显著性差异;4个成熟度的可溶性蛋白含量均无显著差异;成熟度Ⅳ的可溶性糖含量显著低于其他3个成熟度;成熟度Ⅲ的维生素C含量与成熟度Ⅰ的无显著性差异,但显著高于成熟度Ⅱ和Ⅳ,成熟度Ⅰ与Ⅳ的维生素C含量显著高于成熟度Ⅱ。通过对4个成熟度双孢菇子实体矿质元素和营养成分含量的分析,发现成熟度Ⅰ和Ⅱ的双孢菇子实体是人体必需的矿物质元素更优质的来源,但总的来说成熟度不同的双孢菇(过大和过小的)仍然可以作为优质鲜食菇品出售,为食品加工企业和消费者选择双孢菇产品提供有利依据。The contents of nutritional elements such as Na,K,P,Ca,Mg and trace elements such as Cu,Se,Mo,Fe in Agaricus bisporus fruit bodies harvested at four different maturity stages（stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ） were analyzed by ICP-AES,and the contents of some nutritional ingredients such as water,soluble protein,soluble sugar and ascorbic acid were also investigated.The results showed that the contents of Na,K,P,Mg,Cu,Se and Mo in stage Ⅰ was respectively higher than those in the other three stages（α=0.05）,and the contents of Ca and Fe were respectively higher than those in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ.The content of Se in stage Ⅳ was respectively higher than that in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ,while the content f Na was respectively higher than that in stage Ⅱ.The content of Cu in stage Ⅳ was respectively higher than that in stage Ⅲ.The contents of K,P,Ca,Mg,Mo and Fe in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ were respectively higher than those in stage Ⅳ.The content of water in stage Ⅳ was respectively higher than that in stage Ⅰ and Ⅲ,and had no significant differences from that in stage Ⅱ.There were no significant differences in the contents of soluble protein,but the content of soluble sugar was significantly lower in stage Ⅳ.The content of ascorbic acid in stage Ⅲ had no significant differences from that in stage Ⅰ,but it was respectively higher than that in stage Ⅱ and Ⅳ.The content of ascorbic acid in stage Ⅰ and Ⅳ was respectively higher than that in stage Ⅱ.The differences in the nutritional ingredients and mineral elements in the four stages of Agaricus bisporus fruit bodies provide academic data for the consumers and food industries while choosing Agaricus bisporus produces.

关 键 词：电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱 双孢菇子实体 成熟度 营养成分 矿物质元素 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学]