废印制电路板元器件筛分及金属分类回收方法  

Electronic components screening and metal classified recovering from waste printed circuit boards

作　　者：刘景洋[1,2] 段宁[1,2] 杨海玉[3] 郭玉文[1] 乔琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [3]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《现代化工》2010年第9期43-46,共4页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：环境保护部公益项目(HBGY2009467080)

摘　　要：用稀硝酸溶解焊锡剥离废印制电路板(PCB)上元器件,筛分后测量不同尺寸元器件的金属含量。研究结果表明:废印制电路板中89.4%的Sn和93.4%的Pb进入浸提液中,基板中Cu的质量分数占基板中金属总质量的97.5%。废印制电路板上插槽类元件所含金属主要为Cu,接口、插口类元件所含金属主要为Cu和Fe,因此插槽、接口、插口类元件可与基板一并回收处理。不同尺寸元器件中金属含量差别较大,Ni、Au、Cr等金属具有明显的尺寸分布特征,根据回收目的可选择相应尺寸的筛分物。The electronic components are disassembled from waste printed circuit boards（PCB） using diluted nitric acid as leaching liquor. Then metal content in electronic components with different dimensions is investigated. The results reveal that Sn of 89. 4% and Pb of 93.4% of waste PCB are dissolved in diluted nitric acid. Metal of 97.5% is Cu in PCB substrate. Cu is the main metal in slot and Cu and Fe are the main metal in parallel interface and faucet. So slot, parallel interface and faucet can be treated together with PCB substrate. The metal content in electronic components with different dimensions differs greatly. Metals, such as Ni, Au, Cr, exhibit obvious size distribution characteristics. Screened objects can be selected as collection according to different recovering aim.

关 键 词：废印制电路板 电子元器件 焊锡 筛分 分类回收 稀硝酸 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]