社区美沙酮维持治疗对海洛因成瘾者高危行为的改变  

The effectiveness of community-based methodone maintenance treatment on the change of high-risk behavior among heroin addicts

作　　者：郭燕丽[1] 周建波[1] 郝超[1] 史太平[1] 李建华[1] 陈抒蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省常州市疾病预防控制中心,常州213022

出　　处：《中国药物滥用防治杂志》2010年第5期253-256,共4页Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment

基　　金：常州市科技局项目资助(CS2007211)项目名称:常州市海洛因成瘾者社区美沙酮维持治疗效果评价

摘　　要：目的:了解美沙酮门诊药物维持治疗对海洛因成瘾者高危行为改变的效果。方法:采用问卷对2006年9月～2008年12月在常州市美沙酮门诊接受治疗的371例吸毒者进行基线调查和1年后的高危行为评估调查。结果:受治者过去1个月注射吸毒的比例从治疗前的73.0%下降到治疗后的16.7%;在有注射行为人群中,过去1个月平均注射吸毒次数由参加治疗前的90次下降到治疗后的2.5次;过去1个月共用针具率由治疗前的2.2%降至治疗后的1.1%。最近1次性行为时安全套的使用率由治疗前的14.3%增至治疗后的28.1%。受治者中未出现新的HIV、HCV感染病例。结论:美沙酮维持治疗能够减少海洛因成瘾者毒品使用,减少注射毒品、共用针具等高危行为,提高安全性行为意识。Objective： To evaluate the effectivenes,; of methodone maintenance treatment （MMT） on the change of high-risk behavior among heroin addicts. Methods： An evaluation was conducted at entry and 1 year follow-up with a questionnaire survey issued by National Methadone Maintenance Treatment Working Group among the 371 heroin addicts who had been on MMT in Changzhou Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinic from September 2006 to December 2008 for more than one year. Results： After MMT, the proportion of patients who injected drugs dropped from 73.0% to 16.7%, and the frequency of injection in the past month dropped from 90 times to 2.5 times per month. The proportion of patients sharing injectors reduced from 2.2% to 1.1%. The proportion of condom use in the last sexual intercourse raised from 14.3% to 28.1%. There were no new HW and HCV infected cases. Conclusion： Methadone maintenance treatment can reduce drug use, change high-risk behaviors such as injecting drugs, sharing injectors, and unprotected sexual intercourse among drug users.

关 键 词：海洛因成瘾者 吸毒 美沙酮维持治疗 高危行为 艾滋病 

分 类 号：R749.64[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]