某金属冶炼厂区周围农村居民膳食无机砷暴露评估  

Assessment on the Exposure of Inorganic Arsenic from Diet in Rural Residents Around a Metal Smeltry

作　　者：唐振柱[1] 刘展华[1] 黄柯[1] 黎勇[1] 黄江平[1] 黄兆勇[1] 宋悦华[1] 李裕生[1] 农惠婷[1] 黎智[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2010年第5期393-395,共3页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：广西科技厅立项研究项目(桂科攻0816003-1-12)

摘　　要：目的对广西某金属冶炼厂区周围农村居民膳食无机砷暴露情况进行风险性评估,为预防控制慢性砷危害提供依据。方法在广西某金属冶炼厂周围农村村屯,按照随机抽样的原则对该村屯居民自种自供的大米、蔬菜和养殖的鸡、鸭等食品采样,用GB/T5009.11—2003《食品中总砷及无机砷的测定》方法检测上述食品无机砷的含量,按照国家标准进行评价;同时结合当地居民膳食摄入量(食物频次法),并参考2002年广西营养与健康调查得出的农村居民各类食物每日消费量分别计算出当地居民膳食无机砷暴露量,利用JECFA提出的无机砷每公斤体重每周允许摄入量[PTWI为0.015mg/(kgBW·week)]进行风险性评估。结果该村种植的食用植物性农产品无机砷总体超标率为60.29%,其中大米超标率高达87.10%,平均含量为0.65mg/kg,最大超标15.5倍;蔬菜超标68.42%,平均含量0.16mg/kg;饲养家禽类食物总体无机砷超标率54.76%。每标准人每日平均、P90、P97.5膳食无机砷摄入量分别为0.2149mg、0.3900mg、0.4642mg,分别是JECFA提出的无机砷每日允许摄入量(ADI)的1.66倍、3.02倍、3.60倍(其中参考2002年农村居民食物摄入量计算为ADI的2.0倍)。结论该厂区周围村屯食用农产品无机砷污染严重,居民尤其是高消费人群膳食无机砷暴露量明显超过ADI值,存在危害健康风险。Objective To investigate the inorganic arsenic exposure of rural residents around a metal smeltry in Guangxi province and conduct a health risk assessment to provide basis for the prevention and control of chronic arsenic risks.Method Rice,vegetable,chicken and duck samples planted and fed around a metal smeltry in Guangxi were collected.The samples were analyzed by GB /T 5009.11 the test method for total arsenic and inorganic arsenic in food.The exposure of inorganic arsenic was calculated by the dietary intake of local people （by food frequency method）.The risk assessment of dietary inorganic arsenic was based on the provisional tolerable weekly intake （PTWI） of inorganic arsenic [0.015 mg /（kg BW·week）]proposed by JECFA to calculate the acceptable daily intake （ADI） of inorganic arsenic per standard person （0.129 mg /d）.Results The exceeding standard rate of total inorganic arsenic in local agricultural products was 60.29%,the exceeding standard rate of rice was up to 87.10%,with an average of 0.65 mg /kg,the maximum was 15.5 times of the standard;the exceeding standard rate of vegetable was 68.42%,with an average of 0.16 mg /kg;the exceeding standard rate of poultry was 54.76%.The average daily dietary intake,the 90th and the 97.5th percentile of inorganic arsenic intake per standard person per day were 0.214 9,0.390 0 and 0.464 2 mg,respectively,which were 1.66,3.02,3.60 times of ADI for inorganic arsenic proposed by JECFA.Conclusion The agricultural products in local village around the smeltry were badly polluted by inorganic arsenic.The inorganic arsenic exposure of local residents,especially in high consumption people,is obviously higher than the ADI value.Health risks were existed in that mine area.

关 键 词：食用农产品 砷 农村居民 冶炼厂 膳食暴露评估 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]