亚洲带绦虫六钩蚴和囊尾蚴的光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察  

Observation on oncosphere and cysticercus of Taenia asiatica under optical microscope and scanning electron microscope

作　　者：陈峥宏[1] 吴晓娟[1] 包怀恩[1] 郎书源[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵阳医学院,贵阳550004

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2010年第9期818-820,824,共4页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.30660168)

摘　　要：目的了解亚洲带绦虫六钩蚴和囊尾蚴的形态及其表面超微结构。方法以人工胃液和人工肠液孵化亚洲带绦虫虫卵,密度梯度离心法纯化六钩蚴,于倒置显微镜观察其形态;以及经戊二醛及四氧化锇固定,梯度乙醇脱水,醋酸异戊酯置换,进行临界点干燥,喷碳、喷金,扫描电镜观察其表面超微结构。将六钩蚴经皮下注射感染小鼠,55 d后剖检取囊尾蚴,经胆汁孵化翻出头节,于光学显微镜直接观察或经硼酸卡红染色后镜检。另将囊尾蚴经PBS洗3次,依次经戊二醛固定、四氧化锇固定,梯度乙醇脱水,干燥、喷碳、喷金,扫描电镜观察。结果六钩蚴呈卵形,大小为（10.7~14×14~18.7）μm,表面凹凸不平,形成脊状突起。囊尾蚴呈椭圆形,囊膜表面见疣状突起。头节顶部有吻状顶突,顶突周围及凹陷处均密布大量菜花样突起。吸盘表面不光滑,底部有3~4圈珊蝴样排列的指状突起。颈节表面分布较多大小为（1~3×3~5.5）μm近似球形的颗粒。结论亚洲带绦虫六钩蚴表面凹凸不平,囊尾蚴有明显的吻状顶突,顶突处无小钩,但却分布大量的菜花样突起。The objective of this study was to understand the morphological characters and surface ultrastructure about oncosphere and cysticercus of Taenia asiatica（T.asiatica）.Eggs of T.asiatica were hatched by artificial gastric and intestinal fluids.Oncospheres were purified by density gradient centrifugation and then observed by optical microscope.And then,oncospheres were fixed by glutaraldehyde and osmium tetraoxide,dehydrated with gradient ethanol,processed in isoamyl acetate and dried by CO2 critical point method.Specimens were then sputter-coated with carbon and gold film and observed by scan electron microscope（SEM）.Mice were inoculated subcutaneously with oncospheres and 55 days later,metacestodes were picked out from the mice and hatched in bile saline till the scoleces turned out.The hatched cysticerci were then observed directly under optical microscope or observed after staining by borax carmine.Cysticerci for SEM were washed by PBS for three times and processed by glutaraldehyde and osmium tetraoxide fixation,gradient ethanol dehydration,dryness,carbon spraying and gold spraying.The oncospheres were ovoid with the size of（10.7-14）μm ×（14-18.7）μm and with ridges on the unsmooth surface under SEM.The infected mice produced cysticerci,with rostellum on the scolex and with wart-like formations on the external surface of the bladder.Cauliflower-like protuberance was also found on the rostellum.The surface of the sucker was unsmooth with coral-like formations surrounding the bottom.A lot of spherical granules（（1-3）μm×（3-5.5μm） were covered on the external surface of the neck.In summary,the surface of the oncosphere of T.asiatica was unsmooth and the cysticerci had obvious hookless rostellum with cauliflower-like protuberance on the top of the scoleces.

关 键 词：亚洲带绦虫 六钩蚴 囊尾蚴 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：R383.3[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]