综合心理干预对职业暴露后护士情绪及应对方式的影响  

Effect of comprehensive psychological intervention on nurses emotion and coping strategies after occupational exposure

作　　者：何夏君[1] 黄芳玲[2] 钟彩笑[1] 卢玉贞[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东省医学科学院广东省人民医院心理精神科广东省精神卫生研究所,广州510080 [2]广东省皮肤性病防治中心门诊 [3]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院护理部

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2010年第25期2977-2979,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：基金项目：广东省医学科研课题项目（A2006136）

摘　　要：目的探讨综合心理干预对职业暴露后护士情绪及应对方式的影响。方法将423名1周内有职业暴露史的护士，随机分为干预组212人和对照组211人；对干预组进行为期2个月的干预，包括心理咨询及疏导、职业暴露相关知识宣教及暴露后处理流程、追踪及监测；对暴露者进行工娱、文娱、音乐、生物反馈放松等干预；心理干预前后采用抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、应对方式问卷进行评定和对照研究。结果综合干预后，干预组焦虑、抑郁评分均较干预前有明显降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）；应对方式问卷的解决问题、求助等积极应对因子分均有显著性提高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05），而自责、幻想、回避等消极因子分均明显降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论综合心理干预有助促进职业暴露后护士的心理健康水平和改善应对方式；对稳定护理队伍非常重要，应引起各医院领导的重视。Objective To study the effect o! comprehensive psychological intervention on the emotion and coping style of nurse. Methods 423 nurses were divided into experimental group and controlled group randomly after occupational exposure within one week; Psychological counseling, occupational exposure related knowledge education, post-exposure disposal process, follow-up, monitoring were applied in experimental group; Occupational and recreation activities, music, biofeedback relaxation were utilized on exposure; to evaluation and contrast before and after psychological intervention by Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS） , Self- rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and coping style questionnaire. Results The score of anxiety and depress were lower than that before comprehensive psychological intervention in experimental group （P 〈 0. 01 ）; the score of solution, asking for help in coping style questionnaire were remarkably raised （t = -2. 14, -1.24; P 〈 0. 05 ）. the score of passive factors such as self-reproach, autistic and avoidance dropped Conspicuously（ t = 1.91,2. 0, 2. 10 ;P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Comprehensive psychological intervention can improve mental health level and coping style of nurse after occupational exposure. It is important on the stability of nursing staff and should be thought highly by all leadership of hospital.

关 键 词：护士 职业暴露 心理干预 应对方式 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]