直喷式柴油机燃用加热小桐子油的性能与排放  

Investigations on the Performance and Emissions of a Direct Injection Diesel Engine Using Preheated Jatropha Curcas Oil as Fuel

作　　者：罗福强[1] 王子玉[1] 梁昱[2] 郭健[1] 郭自强[1] 杭谨[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]贵阳学院机电系,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2010年第5期414-419,共6页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金资助项目(20082036);江苏省动力机械清洁能源与应用重点实验室对外开放基金资助项目(QK08001)

摘　　要：由于小桐子油存在黏度大、挥发性差等不利条件,从而限制了其在柴油机上的直接应用。通过对小桐子油的黏温特性分析,发现加热到150,℃时其黏度基本降低到柴油30,℃时的水平。通过在一台ZH1115单缸直喷式柴油机上燃用柴油、小桐子油J100(常温)和加热到150,℃的小桐子油J100(150,℃),对其性能和排放进行了试验。结果表明,在相同工况下与燃用0号柴油相比,燃用J100(150,℃)时的滞燃期较短,最高燃烧压力和最大压力升高率都显著降低,且相位有所提前,燃油消耗率平均增加10%左右,但相比J100却有所降低,有效热效率提高。燃用J100(150,℃)可同时降低HC、NOx和碳烟排放,其中NOx和碳烟分别平均降低15.3%和45.3%,但CO排放有较大幅度升高,平均升高25.4%。研究表明,加热至150,℃的小桐子油完全可以直接用作柴油机的代用燃料。As Jatropha curcas oil has the disadvantage of high viscosity and poor volatility,it limits its wide application in diesel engine.The viscosity-temperature characteristics of Jatropha curcas oil were analyzed.It is found that the viscosity of Jatropha curcas oil preheated to 150,℃ reduces to that of diesel at 30,℃.In addition,the performance and emissions of a ZH1115 single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine operating on Jatropha curcas oil at room temperature and Jatropha curcas oil preheated to 150,℃ were measured and compared to those of diesel.Results show that preheated Jatropha curcas oil has shorter ignition delay,lower peak combustion pressure and rate of pressure rise.The corresponding phases of these parameters advance compared with those of 0# diesel at same speed and load.Brake specific fuel consumption increases by 10% and effective thermal efficiency improves,but it slightly lower compared to Jatropha curcas oil at room temperature.HC,NOx and smoke emissions of preheated Jatropha curcas oil reduces compared to diesel fuel.NOx and smoke emissions reduce by 15.3% and 45.3% respectively fueled with preheated Jatropha curcas oil,but CO emission increases by 25.4%.Experimental investigation shows that preheated Jatropha curcas oil can be used as a diesel fuel substitute.

关 键 词：直喷式柴油机 植物油 小桐子油 排放特性 

分 类 号：TK421.2[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]